Dietary intake, glucose metabolism and sex hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) compared with women with non-PCOS-related infertility
Open accessAbstract
The present study investigated dietary intake, glucose metabolism and sex hormones in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). A total of forty-five women (aged 25–40 years) with PCOS and 161 control women (aged 25–43 years) with non-PCOS-related infertility were recruited. Anthropometry, glucose tolerance and sex hormones were determined and dietary intake was assessed. Women with PCOS had lower serum sex hormone-binding globulin and increased BMI, waist:hip ratio, luteinising hormone, ratio of luteinising hormone:follicle-stimulating hormone, testosterone and free androgen index (FAI). Postprandial glucose, fasting insulin and insulin resistance were elevated in women with PCOS. Women with PCOS had reduced energy and carbohydrate intake but higher fat intake. Serum sex hormone-binding globulin level was negatively associated with BMI in both groups and negatively correlated with macronutrient intake in the PCOS group with hyperandrogenism. However, FAI was positively correlated with BMI, waist circumference and glucose metabolic parameters in both groups. Therefore, women with PCOS consume lower energy and carbohydrate compared with those with non-PCOS-related infertility and macronutrient intake is only negatively associated with serum sex hormone-binding globulin level in the PCOS group with hyperandrogenism.
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Individuals with PCOS have higher body weight, fat mass, body fat percentage, BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio compared to individuals without PCOS.
“Individuals with PCOS have been shown to have higher body weight [20], fat mass [21], body fat percentage [10,22], body mass index (BMI) [14,20,23,24], waist circumference (WC) [10,20], and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) [10,11,15,20,23,24,25] compared to individuals without PCOS.”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [20]
Individuals with PCOS have significantly higher glucose concentrations, post-load glucose, insulin concentrations, post-load insulin, and insulin resistance than individuals without PCOS.
“Individuals with PCOS have presented with significantly higher glucose concentrations [21], post-load glucose [10,20,28], insulin concentrations [10,15,20,21,22,24,29,30], post-load insulin [10,25,31], and insulin resistance [10,14,20,21,29] than individuals without PCOS.”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [20]
HOMA-IR is positively associated with BMI among individuals with PCOS.
“the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), a marker of insulin resistance, has been positively associated with BMI [10,20,23,29] among individuals with PCOS.”
From Moving beyond Weight: A Narrative Review of the Dietary and Lifestyle Management for Reducing Cardiometabolic Risk in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2023) · cites this paper as [20]
Cites
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Legro, R. S. (1999) · Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.84.1.165 · Cited by 1,743 · see citing works
Difference in dietary intake between women with polycystic ovary syndrome and healthy controls
Douglas, C. C., Norris, L. E., Oster, R. A., Darnell, B. E., Azziz, R., & Gower, B. A. (2006) · Fertility and Sterility · doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.12.054 · Cited by 147 · see citing works
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Turner-McGrievy, G., Davidson, C. R., & Billings, D. L. (2015) · Human Fertility · doi:10.3109/14647273.2014.922704 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Herbert, S., & Woolf, K. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15245069 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
“Individuals with PCOS have presented with significantly higher glucose concentrations [21], post-load glucose [10,20,28], insulin concentrations [10,15,20–22, 24,29 Having a higher BMI appears to exacerbate insulin resistance by approximately 15% in individuals with PCOS [32].”
Background
- Authors
- Tsai, Y.-H., Wang, T.-W., Wei, H.-J., Hsu, C.-Y., Ho, H.-J., Chen, W.-H., Young, R., Liaw, C.-M., & Chao, J. C.-J.
- Affiliations
- Taipei Medical University (TW)
- Taiwan Adventist Hospital (TW)
- Taipei Medical University Hospital (TW)
- Corresponding author
- Wei, Hsiao-Jui
- Chao, Jane C.-J.
- Venue
- British Journal of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2012-10-10
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 2190-2198
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2114416500
- Cited by
- 34
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 2.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
- Keywords
- polycystic ovary syndrome, dietary intake, glucose metabolism, sex hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, insulin resistance, hyperandrogenism, free androgen index, luteinizing hormone, testosterone, body mass index, macronutrient intake, carbohydrate intake, infertility, glucose tolerance
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, Diet, Female, Humans, Infertility, Insulin Resistance, Obesity, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin, Gonadal Steroid Hormones, Body Mass Index, Case-Control Studies
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