Identification of biomarkers for intake of protein from meat, dairy products and grains: a controlled dietary intervention study
Open accessAbstract
In the present controlled, randomised, multiple cross-over dietary intervention study, we aimed to identify potential biomarkers for dietary protein from dairy products, meat and grain, which could be useful to estimate intake of these protein types in epidemiological studies. After 9 d run-in, thirty men and seventeen women (22 (SD 4) years) received three high-protein diets (aimed at approximately 18% of energy (en%)) in random order for 1 week each, with approximately 14 en% originating from either meat, dairy products or grain. We used a two-step approach to identify biomarkers in urine and plasma. With principal component discriminant analysis, we identified amino acids (AA) from the plasma or urinary AA profile that were distinctive between diets. Subsequently, after pooling total study data, we applied mixed models to estimate the predictive value of those AA for intake of protein types. A very good prediction could be made for the intake of meat protein by a regression model that included urinary carnosine, 1-methylhistidine and 3-methylhistidine (98% of variation in intake explained). Furthermore, for dietary grain protein, a model that included seven AA (plasma lysine, valine, threonine, α-aminobutyric acid, proline, ornithine and arginine) made a good prediction (75% of variation explained). We could not identify biomarkers for dairy protein intake. In conclusion, specific combinations of urinary and plasma AA may be potentially useful biomarkers for meat and grain protein intake, respectively. These findings need to be cross-validated in other dietary intervention studies.
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In a randomized controlled feeding trial, glycine concentrations were slightly lower on a meat protein-based diet than on a plant protein-based diet, despite the meat diet providing about 50% more glycine.
“In a randomized controlled feeding trial, glycine concentrations were slightly lower in response to a meat protein-based diet compared with a plant protein-based diet, whereas the amount of glycine provided by the meat diet was about 50% higher (39).”
From Amino acids, lipid metabolites, and ferritin as potential mediators linking red meat consumption to type 2 diabetes (2015) · cites this paper as [39]
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- Authors
- Altorf-van der Kuil, W., Brink, E. J., Boetje, M., Siebelink, E., Bijlsma, S., Engberink, M. F., Veer, P. V. '., Tomé, D., Bakker, S. J. L., van Baak, M. A., & Geleijnse, J. M.
- Affiliations
- TiFN (NL)
- Wageningen University & Research (NL)
- Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research (NL)
- AgroParisTech (FR)
- University Medical Center Groningen (NL)
- ORCID
- Venue
- British Journal Of Nutrition
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2013-03-04
- Volume
- 110
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 810-822
- ISSN
- 0007-1145 (ISSN-L)
- 1475-2662
- OpenAlex
- W2084917802
- Cited by
- 55
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- British Journal Of Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Socio-Environmental Systems Modeling (acceptedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- TNO Repository (submittedVersion)
- Repository hosted by TU Delft Library (TU Delft) (submittedVersion)
- University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food and Agricultural Sciences
- Keywords
- protein intake, biomarkers, meat proteins, grain protein, milk protein, amino acids, urinary amino acids, plasma amino acids, carnosine, 1-methylhistidine, 3-methylhistidine, high-protein diet, dietary assessment
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Amino Acids, Animals, Edible Grain, Dairy Products, Diet, Dietary Proteins, Female, Humans, Male, Meat, Biomarkers, Cross-Over Studies, Young Adult
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