The DOI matches its Crossref record; 58 of the 58 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Unequal Burden of War: The Effect of Armed Conflict on the Gender Gap in Life Expectancy
Open accessAbstract
Most combatants in armed conflict are men, so naturally men are the major direct victims of military operations. Yet armed conflicts have important indirect negative consequences on agriculture, infrastructure, public health provision, and social order. These indirect consequences are often overlooked and underappreciated. They also affect women—arguably more so than men. This article provides the first rigorous analysis of the impact of armed conflict on female life expectancy relative to male. We find that over the entire conflict period, interstate and civil wars on average affect women more adversely than men. In peacetime, women typically live longer than men. Hence, armed conflict tends to decrease the gap between female and male life expectancy. For civil wars, we also find that ethnic wars and wars in “failed” states are much more damaging to women than other civil wars. Our findings challenge policymakers as well as international and humanitarian organizations to develop policies that tackle the large indirect and long-term negative health impacts of armed conflicts.
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In the citing paper
“increased acceptance for use of violence”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“polarization of society”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“although the latter may be prone to reversal when fighting ends”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“conflict sometimes also may foster more positive societal change, such as mobilization of civil society and transformation of gender roles”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“loss of generalized trust”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“military socialization”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
In the citing paper
“including an increase in sexual and criminal violence”
From Vicious Circles: Violence, Vulnerability, and Climate Change (2021) · cites this paper as [158]
Citations
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Neumayer, E., & Plümper, T. (2007) · Annals of the Association of American Geographers · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.2007.00563.x · Cited by 1,289
Self-citationExplaining Rape during Civil War: Cross-National Evidence (1980–2009)
Cohen, D. K. (2013) · American Political Science Review · doi:10.1017/s0003055413000221 · Cited by 507
Armed conflict and public health: into the 21st century
Garry, S., & Checchi, F. (2019) · Journal of Public Health · doi:10.1093/pubmed/fdz095 · Cited by 303
Exploiting the Cracks: Wedge Issues in Multiparty Competition
van de Wardt, M., Vries, C. E. D., & HOBOLT, S. B. (2014) · The Journal of Politics · doi:10.1017/s0022381614000565 · Cited by 281
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Metadata
- Authors
- Plümper, T., & Neumayer, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Essex (GB)
- Peace Research Institute Oslo (NO)
- ORCID
- Neumayer, Eric
- Venue
- International Organization
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2006-07
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 723-754
- ISSN
- 0020-8183 (ISSN-L)
- 1531-5088
- OpenAlex
- W3123057741
- Cited by
- 269
- References
- 58
- Citations by year
- 2026: 9 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 14 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 14.76
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- International Organization (publishedVersion)
- WU Research (publishedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Research Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- London School of Economics and Political Science Theses Online (London School of Economics and Political Science) (submittedVersion)
- SSRN Electronic Journal (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Leverhulme Trust
- European Commission
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health and Conflict Studies
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Gender, Security, and Conflict
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Political Conflict and Governance
- Keywords
- armed conflict, gender differences in life expectancy, female life expectancy, civil war, interstate war, ethnic conflict, failed states, gender inequality
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