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Soil mineral N and N net mineralization during autumn and winter under an oilseed rape-winter wheat-winter barley rotation in different crop management systems.
Abstract
Soil sampling in autumn gives important information on the soil N dynamic. In the growing seasons 1991/92 to 1995/96, the effects of different crop management systems on soil mineral N (NO3-N plus NH4-N:Nmin) were investigated in a factorial field experiment at Hohenschulen Experimental Station near Kiel in NW Germany. The crop rotation was oilseed rape – winter wheat – winter barley, and soil tillage (conservation tillage without ploughing, conventional tillage), application of pig slurry (none, autumn, autumn+spring), mineral N fertilization (0, 120 and 240 kg N ha−1) and fungicide application (none, three applications) were all varied. Each year, the treatments occurred in all three crops of the rotation and were located on the same plots. Nmin was determined on four dates (‘After drilling’, ‘End of autumn growth’ before winter, ‘Beginning of spring growth’ before N fertilizer application, and ‘After harvest’) to 90 cm in 30 cm horizons. Under all crops, Nmin showed a large year to year variation. Highest values of 132 kg N ha−1 were observed ‘After drilling’, which decreased until ‘End of growth’. The increase of autumn Nmin (‘After drilling’, ‘End of autumn growth’) was mainly due to autumn slurry, whereas mineral N fertilizer mainly affected Nmin ‘After harvest’. Soil tillage and fungicide application only slightly modified Nmin at all dates. The relationship between N leaching and Nmin measured either ‘After drilling’ or at the ‘End of autumn growth’ in 1991/92–1994/95 remained too poor to be used to estimate N leaching. N net mineralization during autumn and winter varied with crops, as estimated by the Nmin changes between ‘After drilling’ minus ‘Start of spring growth’ plus N uptake by the crop at ‘Start of spring growth’ plus N leaching during winter. On average over the years, 39 kg N ha−1 were mineralized under oilseed rape and 42 kg N ha−1 under wheat compared with 31 kg N ha−1 under barley. However, a large year-to-year variation occurred. In addition, the ranking of the years differed with the crops. Slurry application led to different amounts of mineralized N. Under barley only 25 kg N ha−1 were calculated for the autumn slurry, but 42 kg N ha−1 for the autumn plus spring slurry treatment. In contrast, under oilseed rape the highest value of 41 kg N ha−1 occurred in the autumn slurry plots. Under wheat, slurry application only slightly affected N mineralization. Increased mineral N fertilization decreased N release under oilseed rape, but significantly increased it under cereals. Application of fungicides did not affect N mineralization during winter.
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“Plants like winter wheat are known for their insufficient N uptake between sowing and the following growing season.”
From Potential of Wheat Straw, Spruce Sawdust, and Lignin as High Organic Carbon Soil Amendments to Improve Agricultural Nitrogen Retention Capacity: An Incubation Study (2018) · cites this paper as Sieling et al., 1999
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“Actually, standard tillage method for winter oilseed rape consists of ploughing followed by harrowing (Christen et al., 1999; Sieling et al., 1999).”
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“), which is sown in September/October, but grows only very slowly until the following spring, associated with a correspondingly low N uptake of up to 30 kg N ha−1 during this period of time (Sieling et al., 1999).”
BackgroundInfluentialEfficient N management using winter oilseed rape. A review
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“However, N offtake by the seed and N harvest index, ranging between 0.6 and 0.7, are low compared with cereals (Shepherd and Sylvester-Bradley, 1996; Sieling et al., 1999; Malagoli et al., 2005).”
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Metadata
- Authors
- SIELING, K., GÜNTHER-BORSTEL, O., TEEBKEN, T., & HANUS, H.
- Affiliations
- Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel (DE)
- ORCID
- SIELING, K.
- Venue
- The Journal of Agricultural Science
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 1999-03
- Volume
- 132
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 127-137
- ISSN
- 0021-8596 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-5146
- OpenAlex
- W2086796248
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2015: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 2.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Agricultural Science (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Carbon and Nitrogen Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Agricultural Science and Fertilization
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Soil Science › Soil Management and Crop Yield
- Keywords
- soil mineral nitrogen, net nitrogen mineralization, oilseed rape, winter wheat, winter barley, crop rotation, mineral nitrogen fertilization, conservation tillage, conventional tillage, fungicide application, nitrogen leaching, crop nitrogen uptake, soil nitrogen management, interannual variability
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