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Cited by 127Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 44 of the 44 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Biased attention to threat in paediatric anxiety disorders (generalized anxiety disorder, social phobia, specific phobia, separation anxiety disorder) as a function of ‘distress’versus‘fear’ diagnostic categorization

Waters, A. M., Bradley, B. P., Mogg, K.·2014·Psychological Medicine
DOI 10.1017/s0033291713000779
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Abstract

BACKGROUND: Structural models of emotional disorders propose that anxiety disorders can be classified into fear and distress disorders. Sources of evidence for this distinction come from genetic, self-report and neurophysiological data from adults. The present study examined whether this distinction relates to cognitive processes, indexed by attention bias towards threat, which is thought to cause and maintain anxiety disorders. METHOD: Diagnostic and attention bias data were analysed from 435 children between 5 and 13 years of age; 158 had principal fear disorder (specific phobia, social phobia or separation anxiety disorder), 75 had principal distress disorder (generalized anxiety disorder, GAD) and 202 had no psychiatric disorder. Anxious children were a clinic-based treatment-seeking sample. Attention bias was assessed on a visual-probe task with angry, neutral and happy faces. RESULTS: Compared to healthy controls, children with principal distress disorder (GAD) showed a significant bias towards threat relative to neutral faces whereas children with principal fear disorder showed an attention bias away from threat relative to neutral faces. Overall, children displayed an attention bias towards happy faces, irrespective of diagnostic group. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support the distinction between fear and distress disorders, and extend empirically derived structural models of emotional disorders to threat processing in childhood, when many anxiety disorders begin and predict lifetime impairment.

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Silverman, 1996, Anxiety Disorders Interview Schedule for DSM-IV: Child and Parent Versions
  2. Daniel, 1983, Power, Privilege and Prestige

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Metadata

Authors
Waters, A. M., Bradley, B. P., & Mogg, K.
Affiliations
  • Griffith University (AU)
  • University of Southampton (GB)
Corresponding author
Waters, A. M.
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Medicine
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2013-04-17
Volume
44
Issue
3
Pages
607-616
ISSN
  • 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8978
DOI
10.1017/s0033291713000779
OpenAlex
W2150804423
Cited by
126
References
44
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 1
FWCI
19.83
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified)
Locations
  • Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
  • Griffith Research Online (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Keywords
generalized anxiety disorder, social anxiety disorder, specific phobia, separation anxiety disorder, threat processing, emotional face processing, children, visual probe task
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Adult, Analysis of Variance, Anxiety Disorders, Attention, Child, Child, Preschool, Facial Expression, Fear, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Photic Stimulation, Reaction Time, Severity of Illness Index, Stress, Psychological, Case-Control Studies, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Self Report

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