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Cited by 234Bipolar Disorder and TreatmentMental Health Research TopicsSchizophrenia research and treatment

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Social rhythm disruption and stressful life events in the onset of bipolar and unipolar episodes

MALKOFF-SCHWARTZ, S., FRANK, E., ANDERSON, B. P., HLASTALA, S. A., LUTHER, J. F., SHERRILL, J. T., HOUCK, P. R., KUPFER, D. J.·2000·Psychological Medicine
DOI 10.1017/s0033291799002706
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Abstract

Background. An association between social rhythm disruption (SRD) and onset of manic episodes has recently been observed. Whether other types of bipolar (depressive and cycling) or unipolar depressive episodes are similarly related to SRD is unclear, as is the association between severely threatening life events and onset of bipolar manic, depressed and cycling episodes. Methods. Bipolar patients with purely manic ( N = 21), purely depressed ( N = 21) and cycling ( N = 24) episodes, and 44 patients with recurrent unipolar depression, were interviewed with the Bedford College Life Events and Difficulties Schedule. The presence of severe and SRD events during the year prior to index episode onset was then determined. Results. More manic than cycling and unipolar subjects experienced SRD events during 8- and 20-week pre-onset periods, and severe events during 20-week pre-onset periods. Controlling for age and prior number of episodes left most findings unchanged. An earlier finding of more manic subjects with SRD events in an 8-week pre-onset versus control period was also replicated. Conclusions. It appears that manic onsets are influenced by stressful life events, especially those involving SRD, in a unique manner compared to onsets of other types of bipolar and unipolar episodes. Onset of bipolar cycling episodes, in contrast, seems to be relatively unaffected by SRD or severe life events. These findings refine the hypothesis that SRD may precipitate onset of affective episodes to be specific to manic onsets.

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Authors
MALKOFF-SCHWARTZ, S., FRANK, E., ANDERSON, B. P., HLASTALA, S. A., LUTHER, J. F., SHERRILL, J. T., HOUCK, P. R., & KUPFER, D. J.
Affiliations
University of Pittsburgh (US)
ORCID
Venue
Psychological Medicine
Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Published
2000-09
Volume
30
Issue
5
Pages
1005-1016
ISSN
  • 0033-2917 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-8978
DOI
10.1017/s0033291799002706
OpenAlex
W2085710201
Cited by
234
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
FWCI
2.56
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 46 d)
Locations
  • Psychological Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Mental Health (MH 29618, MH30915)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
Keywords
life events, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Bipolar Disorder, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Life Change Events, Male, Middle Aged, Recurrence, Risk Factors

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