Cited by 22
The DOI matches its Crossref record; 1 of the 1 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Initial Human Colonization of the Americas: An Overview of the Issues and the Evidence
Fiedel, Stuart J·2002·Radiocarbon
Abstract
Ever since José de Acosta's prescient speculation, in 1590, that Native Americans were descended from “savage hunters” who had followed game animals across a land bridge from northeastern Asia into northwestern America (Acosta 1604), most serious scholars have assumed that this was the migration route. The main point of dispute has been the date when the ancestral Asians made the crossing. After many nineteenth-century claims of the discovery of stone tools or bones of “early man” failed to withstand scientific scrutiny, a conservative reaction set in, embodied by the hyper-skeptical Aleš Hrdlička of the Smithsonian Institution. Hrdlička dismissed all claims of a human presence in the Americas prior to about 5000 years ago.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Crossref · 10.1017/s0033822200031817
Cites
1 of 1 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
These previous findings were challenged, and the site was relegated to an ambiguous status.
“These findings were challenged, and the site was relegated to an ambiguous status (11, 12).”
From Pre-Clovis occupation 14,550 years ago at the Page-Ladson site, Florida, and the peopling of the Americas (2016) · cites this paper as [11]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Coming into the Country: Early Paleoindian Hunting and Mobility
Kelly, R. L., & Todd, L. C. (1988) · American Antiquity · doi:10.2307/281017 · Cited by 575
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 242
- Dorn, 1996, Uncertainties in the radiocarbon dating of organics associated with rock varnish: a plea for caution, Physical Geography, 17, 10.1080/02723646.1996.10642602 · DOI
- 10.1006/qres.1996.0058 · DOI
- Bonnichsen, 1999, Ice Age people of North America, environments, origins, and adaptations, 395
- Stanford D. 1998. The first Americans: a new perspective. Paper presented at 33rd Annual Symposium of Archeological Society of Maryland, Crownsville, 18 April.
- Meltzer, 1985, Environments and extinctions: man in Late Glacial North America
- 10.1016/S0031-0182(00)00085-7 · DOI
- 10.1086/200337 · DOI
- 10.2307/972087 · DOI
- 10.1511/2000.23.772 · DOI
- 10.2307/279877 · DOI
- 10.1086/302155 · DOI
- 10.2307/2694056 · DOI
- Bradley, 1997, Bifacial thinning in the early Upper Paleolithic of Eastern Europe, Chips, 9, 8
- 10.1006/qres.1999.2087 · DOI
- Antevs, 1953, Age of the Clovis fluted points with the Naco mammoth, American Antiquity, 19
- 10.1017/S0003598X00087019 · DOI
- Wisner, 1999, Channel Island woman may be oldest yet, Mammoth Trumpet, 14, 1
- 10.2307/279194 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.290.5498.1951 · DOI
- Yesner, 1998a, Origins and development of maritime adaptations in the northwest Pacific region of North America: a zooarchaeological perspective, Arctic Anthropology, 35
- 10.1016/S0012-8252(00)00032-5 · DOI
- 10.2307/279878 · DOI
- Ingman, 2000, Mitochondrial genome variation and the origin of modern humans, Nature, 408, 10.1038/35047064 · DOI
- Steele, 1994, Method and theory for investigating the peopling of the Americas
- Anderson, 1995, Native American interaction: multiscalar analyses and interpretations in the Eastern woodlands, 10
- Taylor, 1991, The first Americans: search and research, 77
- 10.2307/280736 · DOI
- 10.1006/jaar.2000.0368 · DOI
- 10.1016/0033-5894(81)90124-1 · DOI
- Fiedel, 1979, The diffusion of the early European Neolithic: a reconsideration
- 10.2307/282199 · DOI
- Tuross, 1995, The mechanism of organic preservation at Monte Verde, Chile, and one use of biomolecules in archaeological interpretation, Journal of Field Archaeology, 22, 97, 10.1179/009346995791547714 · DOI
- Waters, 1985, Environments and extinctions: man in Late Glacial North America
- 10.1006/qres.2000.2195 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.179.4077.969 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1126/science.269.5221.210 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00023-8 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.281.5384.1830 · DOI
- 10.1038/30718 · DOI
- Morlan, 1991, Clovis: origins and adaptations
- Nami, 1994, Reseña sobre los avances de la arqueología finipleistocénica del extremo sur de Sudamérica, Revista Chungara, 26
- 10.2307/2694774 · DOI
- 10.1007/978-1-4899-1112-4_15 · DOI
- 10.1016/S1040-6182(98)00005-6 · DOI
- Mochanov, 1996b, American beginnings: the prehistory and palaeoecology of Beringia
- 10.1017/S0003598X00064747 · DOI
- Reanier, 1995, The antiquity of Paleoindian materials in northern Alaska, Arctic Anthropology, 32, 31
- 10.1016/0033-5894(84)90087-5 · DOI
- Pearson GA . 1998. Pan-American Paleoindian dispersals as seen through the lithic reduction strategies and tool manufacturing techniques at the Guardiria site, Turrialba valley, Costa Rica. Paper presented at 63rd annual meeting of Society for American Archaeology, Seattle.
- Anderson, 1998, The distribution of fluted Paleoindian projectile points: update 1998, Archaeology of Eastern North America, 26
- Núñez, 1990, Primeros poblamientos en el cono sur de America (XII-IX milenio A.P.), Revista de Arqueologia Americana, 1, 91
- Meighan, 1983, Quaternary coastlines and marine archaeology: towards the prehistory of land bridges and continental shelves
- 10.2307/281884 · DOI
- 10.1016/0012-821X(69)90163-0 · DOI
- Bird, 1938, Before Magellan, Natural History, 41, 16
- 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00080-9 · DOI
- Fedje, 1996, Early Holocene archaeology and paleoecology at the Arrow Creek sites in Gwaii Haanas, Arctic Anthropology, 33
- Erlandson, 1996, Humans at the end of the Ice Age: the archaeology of the Pleistocene-Holocene transition, 278
- Derevianko AP 1989. The Late Pleistocene sites in the Slendia River basin and their significance for correlation with Upper Paleolithic assemblages of the Pacific. Circum-Pacific Prehistory Conference Program and Abstracts. Seattle. p 36.
- 10.1038/81685 · DOI
- Derenko, 2000, Mitochondrial DNA variation in two Siberian aboriginal populations: implications for the genetic history of North Asia, Human Biology, 72
- Johnson, 1983, Quaternary coastlines and marine archaeology: towards the prehistory of land bridges and continental shelves, 481
- Frison, 1993, The North American Paleoindian: a wealth of new data but still much to learn, Plains Anthropologist, 38, 5, 10.1080/2052546.1993.11931642 · DOI
- 10.1006/qres.2001.2295 · DOI
- Steele, 1992, Peopling of the Americas: paleobiological evidence, Human Biology, 64
- 10.1038/34150 · DOI
- 10.1023/A:1009400309773 · DOI
- 10.1016/0033-5894(87)90088-3 · DOI
- Carlson, 1998, Coastal British Columbia in the light of North Pacific maritime adaptations, Arctic Anthropology, 35, 23
- 10.1086/321266 · DOI
- McNett, 1985, Shawnee Minisink: a stratified Paleoindian-Archaic site in the upper Delaware Valley of Pennsylvania
- 10.1126/science.203.4381.609 · DOI
- Dillehay, 2002, The archaeological context and interpretation
- Dikov, 1984, Problems of the stratification and periodization of the Ushki sites, Arctic Anthropology, 21, 1
- 10.1017/S0033822200030587 · DOI
- Pearson GA . 1997b. Non-Mongoloid Pleistocene expansions: old and new ideas on the origins of the first Americans. Paper presented at 24th annual meeting of Alaska Anthropological Association, White Horse, Yukon.
- 10.2307/279189 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1130/0091-7613(2000)28<99:DFAAOT>2.0.CO;2 · DOI
- Wilson, 1999, Ice Age people of North America, environments, origins, and adaptations
- 10.1006/jasc.1996.0054 · DOI
- 10.1006/jhev.2001.0547 · DOI
- Fiedel, 1999b, Artifact provenience at Monte Verde: confusion and contradictions, Scientific American Discovering Archaeology, 1
- 10.2307/279462 · DOI
- Goddard, 1994, Method and theory for investigating the peopling of the Americas, 189
- Dincauze, 1984, Advances in world archaeology, 3, 275
- West, 1981, The archaeology of Beringia, 10.7312/west93080 · DOI
- 10.2307/280638 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.200.4347.1275 · DOI
- 10.1006/jasc.1999.0592 · DOI
- Haynes, 1999, The role of mammoths in rapid Clovis dispersal, DEINSEA, 6, 9
- Bryan, 1978, Early Man in America from a Circum-Pacific Perspective
- Sellars VS . 1999. The accuracy of AMS 14C dates on human bone and associated vertebrate remains—determining chronologies for late Pleistocene human occupation of the New World. Poster presented at “Clovis and Beyond” conference, Santa Fe, New Mexico.
- 10.1002/ajpa.1330380609 · DOI
- Adovasio, 1999, Ice Age peoples of North America: environments, origins, and adaptations of the first Americans
- Faught, 1996, Clovis origins and underwater prehistoric archaeology in northwestern Florida
- Dillehay, 1989, Monte Verde, a Late Pleistocene settlement in Chile. Volume 1. Palaeoenvironment and site context
- Nami, 1996, Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals
- 10.1017/S0003598X00047414 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0003598X00085872 · DOI
- Kolman, 1996, Mitochondrial DNA analysis of Mongolian populations and implications for the origin of New World founders, Genetics, 142, 10.1093/genetics/142.4.1321 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0003598X00059925 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.1060264 · DOI
- 10.1029/PA003i001p00001 · DOI
- 10.1086/302141 · DOI
- 10.2307/2694348 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0033822200019147 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0033822200019123 · DOI · Paper page
- Kaiser, 1989, Quaternary type sections: imagination or reality
- Mayer-Oakes, 1984, Fluted projectile points—A North American shibboleth viewed in South American perspective, Archaeology of Eastern North America, 12
- 10.1002/(SICI)1096-8644(199701)102:1<79::AID-AJPA7>3.0.CO;2-8 · DOI
- Dikov, 1996, American beginnings: the prehistory and palaeoecology of Beringia
- Morlan, 1982, Paleoecology of Beringia
- Boldurian, 1985, Variability in flintworking technology at the Krajacic Site: possible relationships to the Pre-Clovis Paleoindian occupation of the Cross Creek drainage in southwestern Pennsylvania
- Basgall, 1995, Obsidian hydration dating of early Holocene assemblages in the Mojave Desert, Current Research in the Pleistocene, 12, 57
- 10.1002/(SICI)1099-1417(200003)15:3<203::AID-JQS514>3.0.CO;2-8 · DOI
- Cinq-Mars, 1999, Ice Age people of North America, environments, origins, and adaptations
- 10.2307/281652 · DOI
- 10.1007/BF00974990 · DOI
- 10.1007/BF02428058 · DOI
- 10.1006/jasc.2000.0647 · DOI
- 10.1130/0091-7613(1999)027<0621:MMECAV>2.3.CO;2 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1126/science.283.5399.205 · DOI
- Jackson, 1996, Prehistoric Mongoloid dispersals
- Kitigawa, 2000, Atmospheric radiocarbon calibration beyond 11,900 cal BP from Lake Suigetsu laminated sediments, Radiocarbon, 42
- 10.1086/338457 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1073/pnas.93.1.196 · DOI
- Dillehay, 1997, Monte Verde, a Late Pleistocene settlement in Chile. Volume 2. The archaeological context and interpretation
- Kiryak, 1996, American beginnings: the prehistory and palaeoecology of Beringia
- Haynes, 1982, Paleoecology of Beringia
- 10.1017/S0003598X00082521 · DOI
- 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00050-0 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0003598X00083678 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.186.4164.638 · DOI
- Fladmark, 1983, Early man in the New World, 13
- 10.1016/S0277-3791(00)00148-7 · DOI
- Carlson, 1991, Clovis: origins and adaptations, 81
- 10.2307/2694060 · DOI
- Vasilievsky, 1996, American beginnings: the prehistory and palaeoecology of Beringia
- 10.2307/276674 · DOI
- 10.1006/jaar.1998.0325 · DOI
- Dillehay, 1991, The first Americans: search and research
- Brown, 1999, Interdisciplinary perspectives on the origins of the Japanese
- 10.1023/A:1022431307503 · DOI
- Cotter, 1937, The occurrence of flints and extinct animals in pluvial deposits near Clovis, New Mexico, pt. IV, Report on the excavations at the gravel pit in 1936, Proceedings of the Philadelphia Academy of Natural Sciences, 89, 1
- 10.1016/S1040-6182(99)00015-4 · DOI
- 10.1016/0033-5894(74)90023-4 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.1056649 · DOI
- Beaton, 1991, The first Americans: search and research
- 10.1126/science.276.5313.754 · DOI
- 10.1525/aa.1990.92.4.02a00030 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1017/S0033822200018634 · DOI
- Sellards, 1952, Early man in America
- MacDonald, 1968, Debert, a Paleo-Indian site in central Nova Scotia
- Ranere, 1991, Clovis: origins and adaptations
- 10.1038/scientificamerican0666-104 · DOI
- 10.2307/2694532 · DOI
- McAvoy, 1997, Archaeological investigations of site 44SX202, Cactus Hill, Sussex County, Virginia
- 10.1086/302242 · DOI
- Zielinski, A 110,000-yr record of explosive volcanism from the GISP2 (Greenland) ice core, Quaternary Research, 45
- Overstreet, 1997, Additions to a revised chronology for cultural and non-cultural mammoth and mastodon fossils in the southwestern Lake Michigan basin, Current Research in the Pleistocene, 14
- Ferring, 1995, Ancient peoples and landscapes
- 10.1126/science.277.5322.71 · DOI
- 10.1006/qres.1996.0023 · DOI
- Stafford, 1994, Method and theory for investigating the peopling of the Americas, 45
- 10.1016/0047-2484(88)90064-4 · DOI
- Chard, 1960, Routes to Bering Strait, American Antiquity, 28
- Hamilton, 1999, Ice Age people of North America, environments, origins, and adaptations
- Haynes, 1991a, More on Meadowcroft radiocarbon chronology, The Review of Archaeology, 12, 8
- Foit, 1993, Age, distribution, and stratigraphy of Glacier Peak tephra in eastern Washington and western Montana, United States, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences, 30
- 10.1007/s003820050266 · DOI
- Frison, 1996, The Mill Iron site
- 10.1126/science.288.5468.1033 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.287.5461.2250 · DOI
- 10.2307/2803034 · DOI
- Mochanov, 1996a, American beginnings: the prehistory and palaeoecology of Beringia
- 10.1006/qres.1997.1959 · DOI
- 10.2307/281490 · DOI
- Irwin-Williams, 1967, Pleistocene extinctions
- 10.1007/978-1-4757-4249-7_30 · DOI
- Haynes, 1984, Application of accelerator dating to fluted point Paleoindian sites, Archaeology of Eastern North America, 12
- Kitigawa, 1998, Atmospheric radiocarbon calibration to 45,000 yr B.P.: Late Glacial fluctuations and cosmogenic isotope production, Science, 279
- 10.1126/science.259.5091.46 · DOI
- 10.1086/339690 · DOI
- 10.1086/jar.52.3.3630086 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.145.3639.1408 · DOI · Paper page
- Frison, 1991, Clovis: origins and adaptations
- 10.14430/arctic2175 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.283.5399.182 · DOI
- Greenberg, 1987, Language in the Americas
- Irwin-Williams, 1978, Cultural continuity in Mesoamerica, 7, 10.1515/9783110807776.7 · DOI
- 10.1126/science.273.5275.634 · DOI
- Lynch, 1983, Ancient South Americans, 86
- 10.1126/science.263.5147.660 · DOI
- Johnson MF . 1997. Confirmation of McAvoy's early Cactus Hill sequence. Paper presented at Middle Atlantic Archaeological Conference, Ocean City, Maryland.
- 10.1126/science.272.5260.373 · DOI · Paper page
- 10.1130/0091-7613(2002)030<0243:PORMRV>2.0.CO;2 · DOI
- 10.2307/276675 · DOI
- 10.2307/281025 · DOI
- 10.1017/S0003598X00059433 · DOI
- MacNeish, 1983, Early Man in the New World
200 of 242 shown
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Halligan, J. J., Waters, M. R., Perrotti, A., Owens, I. J., Feinberg, J. M., Bourne, M. D., Fenerty, B., Winsborough, B., Carlson, D., Fisher, D. C., et al. (2016) · Science Advances · doi:10.1126/sciadv.1600375 · Cited by 259
Metadata
- Authors
- Fiedel, S. J.
- Venue
- Radiocarbon
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 407-436
- ISSN
- 0033-8222
- 1945-5755
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 1
- Language
- en
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
