Early bilingualism, language transfer, and phonological awareness
Open accessAbstract
The purpose of the present study was to investigate the relations between early bilingualism and phonological awareness in a sample of 75 Turkish–Dutch bilingual kindergarten children living in The Netherlands. In a longitudinal design, the children's first (L1) and second (L2) language abilities were measured at the beginning and end of kindergarten. At the end of kindergarten, the children's metalinguistic skills within the domain of phonological awareness were also assessed. Linear structural equation modeling was used to examine the types of intralingual (language-specific) and interlingual (language-transfer) processes over time. In addition, just how the patterns of bilingual development related to the children's later phonological awareness was examined. Turkish was found to be the dominant language on both measurement occasions. In addition to the expected longitudinal relations, there was evidence for transfer from L1 to L2. Two interrelated phonological factors emerged: phonotactic awareness and phonemic awareness. Variation in the two types of children's phonological awareness was predicted by both L1 and L2 abilities.
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The findings are unlike longitudinal studies which reported that positive cross-language correlations between vocabulary skills in emergent bilingual children became smaller or dropped with increasing age or grade.
“These findings corroborate our hypothesis, but are unlike those from longitudinal studies which reported that positive cross-language correlations between vocabulary skills in emergent bilingual children became smaller or dropped with increasing age or grade (Leseman, 2000; Solari et al., 2014; Verhoeven, 2007; see also Branum-Martin et al., 2009).”
From Linguistic interdependence of receptive vocabulary skills in emergent bilingual preschool children: Exploring a factor-dependent approach (2019) · cites this paper as Verhoeven, 2007
The ‘Interdependencies between L1 and L2 development’ section reports moderate cross-language relations at each of two kindergarten measurements, but does not say those relations became smaller. The ‘Patterns of bilingual development’ section says the gap between Turkish and Dutch scores declined over time; that is a difference in scores, not a decline in cross-language correlations. Page numbers were not available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.86)
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BEDORE, L. M., PEÑA, E. D., SUMMERS, C. L., BOERGER, K. M., RESENDIZ, M. D., GREENE, K., BOHMAN, T. M., & GILLAM, R. B. (2012) · Bilingualism: Language and Cognition · doi:10.1017/s1366728912000090 · Cited by 365 · see citing works
Sun, X., Zhang, K., Marks, R. A., Nickerson, N., Eggleston, R. L., Yu, C.-L., Chou, T.-L., Tardif, T., & Kovelman, I. (2022) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13666 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Abu-Rabia, S., & Shakkour, W. (2014) · Open Journal of Modern Linguistics · doi:10.4236/ojml.2014.41001 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
“…occur, and coincides with the findings of others supporting the transfer of phonological awareness ability from an L1 to an L2 (Abu-Rabia & Siegel, 2002, 2003; Chiappe et al., 2007; Keung & Ho, 2009; Laurent & Martinot, 2010; Saiegh-Haddad & Geva, 2008; Verhoeven, 2007; Wade-Woolley & Geva, 2000).”
BackgroundResultSierens, S., Slembrouck, S., Van Gorp, K., Agirdag, O., & Van Avermaet, P. (2019) · Applied Psycholinguistics · doi:10.1017/s0142716419000250 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
Wagley, N., Marks, R. A., Bedore, L. M., & Kovelman, I. (2022) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/cdev.13748 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
- Authors
- VERHOEVEN, L.
- Affiliations
- Radboud University Nijmegen (NL)
- Corresponding author
- VERHOEVEN, LUDO
- ORCID
- VERHOEVEN, LUDO
- Venue
- Applied Psycholinguistics
- Publisher
- Cambridge University Press (CUP)
- Published
- 2007-06-11
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 425-439
- ISSN
- 0142-7164 (ISSN-L)
- 1469-1817
- OpenAlex
- W2102077921
- Cited by
- 150
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 7.84
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Applied Psycholinguistics (publishedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Phonetics and Phonology Research
- Keywords
- early bilingualism, phonological awareness, language transfer, kindergarten children, phonemic awareness, metalinguistic skills
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