Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
Cited by 173

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 3 of the 3 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Causality in acute encephalitis: defining aetiologies

Open access
GRANEROD, J., CUNNINGHAM, R., ZUCKERMAN, M., MUTTON, K., DAVIES, N. W. S., WALSH, A. L., WARD, K. N., HILTON, D. A., AMBROSE, H. E., CLEWLEY, J. P., MORGAN, D., LUNN, M. P., SOLOMON, T., BROWN, D. W. G., CROWCROFT, N. S.·2010·Epidemiology and Infection

Abstract

SUMMARY: Defining the causal relationship between a microbe and encephalitis is complex. Over 100 different infectious agents may cause encephalitis, often as one of the rarer manifestations of infection. The gold-standard techniques to detect causative infectious agents in encephalitis in life depend on the study of brain biopsy material; however, in most cases this is not possible. We present the UK perspective on aetiological case definitions for acute encephalitis and extend them to include immune-mediated causes. Expert opinion was primarily used and was supplemented by literature-based methods. Wide usage of these definitions will facilitate comparison between studies and result in a better understanding of the causes of this devastating condition. They provide a framework for regular review and updating as the knowledge base increases both clinically and through improvements in diagnostic methods. The importance of new and emerging pathogens as causes of encephalitis can be assessed against the principles laid out here.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1017/s0950268810000725

Cites

3 of 3 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Show all 3 references

Cited by

See all 173

Metadata

Authors
GRANEROD, J., CUNNINGHAM, R., ZUCKERMAN, M., MUTTON, K., DAVIES, N. W. S., WALSH, A. L., WARD, K. N., HILTON, D. A., AMBROSE, H. E., CLEWLEY, J. P., MORGAN, D., LUNN, M. P., SOLOMON, T., BROWN, D. W. G., & CROWCROFT, N. S.
Venue
Epidemiology and Infection
Published
2010-04-14
Volume
138
Issue
6
Pages
783-800
ISSN
  • 0950-2688 (ISSN-L)
  • 1469-4409
OpenAlex
W2154286617
Cited by
173
References
3
FWCI
5.38
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
bronze

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Causality in acute encephalitis: defining aetiologies. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1017/s0950268810000725
The paper
GRANEROD, J., CUNNINGHAM, R., ZUCKERMAN, M., MUTTON, K., DAVIES, N. W. S., WALSH, A. L., WARD, K. N., HILTON, D. A., AMBROSE, H. E., CLEWLEY, J. P., MORGAN, D., LUNN, M. P., SOLOMON, T., BROWN, D. W. G., & CROWCROFT, N. S. (2010). Causality in acute encephalitis: defining aetiologies. Epidemiology and Infection. https://doi.org/10.1017/s0950268810000725

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.