The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The Colors of the Ocean Plastics
Abstract
Characterization of the color of the plastic is often included in studies on plastic pollution. However, the comparability and relevance of this information is limited by methodology or observer subjectivity. Based on the analysis of thousands of floating plastic fragments from a global collection, here we propose a systematic semiautomatic method to analyze colors by using a reference palette of 120 Pantone colors. The most abundant colors were white and transparent/translucent (47%), yellow and brown (26%), and blue-like (9%). The white color increased in the smallest pieces (<5 mm) and far from coastal sources (>500 km). Both fragmentation and discolouration of ocean plastics may occur because of longer exposure time to sunlight in nature. In addition, yellow items peaked at around 1 cm and brown colors at around 1 mm, supporting the notion that yellowing precedes tanning in the aging process, which is paralleled by fragmentation. Apart from the effects of the weathering, our results suggest a second-order modulation of the color distributions of marine microplastics by the selective action of visual predators. The present work provides methodological tools and a wide empirical background to further the interpretation and applicability of the color information on ocean plastics.
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Cites
Plastic debris in the open ocean
Cózar, A., Echevarría, F., González-Gordillo, J. I., Irigoien, X., Úbeda, B., Hernández-León, S., Palma, Á. T., Navarro, S., García-de-Lomas, J., Ruiz, A., et al. (2014) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1314705111 · Cited by 3,133
Self-citationHartmann, N. B., Hüffer, T., Thompson, R. C., Hassellöv, M., Verschoor, A., Daugaard, A. E., Rist, S., Karlsson, T., Brennholt, N., Cole, M., et al. (2019) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b05297 · Cited by 2,881
Photodegradation and photostabilization of polymers, especially polystyrene: review
Yousif, E., & Haddad, R. (2013) · SpringerPlus · doi:10.1186/2193-1801-2-398 · Cited by 1,503 · cited 1×
“Due to weathering, discolouration (Pospísil et al. 2002) 35 and the development of yellowish colours are common features on plastics aged in the 36 environment (Andrady et al. 1992; Singh et al. 2001; Yousif & Haddad 2013; Pastorelli 37 et al. 2014).”
BackgroundCooper, D. A., & Corcoran, P. L. (2010) · Marine Pollution Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2009.12.026 · Cited by 663
Understanding the fragmentation pattern of marine plastic debris
ter Halle, A., Ladirat, L., Gendre, X., Goudouneche, D., Pusineri, C., Routaboul, C., Tenailleau, C., Duployer, B., & Perez, E. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b00594 · Cited by 613
Weinstein, J. E., Crocker, B. K., & Gray, A. D. (2016) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1002/etc.3432 · Cited by 553 · cited 1×
“While staying in inland 31 environments, stranding on the shores or floating at the ocean surface, plastic debris 32 undergoes photo-oxidation and changes in the absorbance and reflection of light, 33 acquiring scratched surface and shifts in its tonality (Weinstein et al. 2016; ter Halle et 34 al.”
Background
Cited by
Characterization of Microplastics in Clouds over Eastern China
Xu, X., Li, T., Zhen, J., Jiang, Y., Nie, X., Wang, Y., Yuan, X.-Z., Mao, H., Wang, X., Xue, L., et al. (2024) · Environmental Science & Technology Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.estlett.3c00729 · Cited by 43
Metadata
- Authors
- Martí, E., Martin, C., Galli, M., Echevarría, F., Duarte, C. M., & Cózar, A.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2020-05-11
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 6594-6601
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W3022805700
- Cited by
- 316
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 6.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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