The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Noninvasive and Point-of-Care Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Breathalyzer for Mass Screening of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under 5 min
Open accessAbstract
Population-wide surveillance of COVID-19 requires tests to be quick and accurate to minimize community transmissions. The detection of breath volatile organic compounds presents a promising option for COVID-19 surveillance but is currently limited by bulky instrumentation and inflexible analysis protocol. Here, we design a hand-held surface-enhanced Raman scattering-based breathalyzer to identify COVID-19 infected individuals in under 5 min, achieving >95% sensitivity and specificity across 501 participants regardless of their displayed symptoms. Our SERS-based breathalyzer harnesses key variations in vibrational fingerprints arising from interactions between breath metabolites and multiple molecular receptors to establish a robust partial least-squares discriminant analysis model for high throughput classifications. Crucially, spectral regions influencing classification show strong corroboration with reported potential COVID-19 breath biomarkers, both through experiment and in silico. Our strategy strives to spur the development of next-generation, noninvasive human breath diagnostic toolkits tailored for mass screening purposes.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
PLS-regression: a basic tool of chemometrics
Wold, S., Sjöström, M., & Eriksson, L. (2001) · Chemometrics and Intelligent Laboratory Systems · doi:10.1016/s0169-7439(01)00155-1 · Cited by 10,084
Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19
Gupta, A., Madhavan, M. V., Sehgal, K., Nair, N., Mahajan, S., Sehrawat, T. S., Bikdeli, B., Ahluwalia, N., Ausiello, J. C., Wan, E. Y., et al. (2020) · Nature Medicine · doi:10.1038/s41591-020-0968-3 · Cited by 3,185
Xie, X., Zhong, Z., Zhao, W., Zheng, C., Wang, F., & Liu, J. (2020) · Radiology · doi:10.1148/radiol.2020200343 · Cited by 1,960
Bi, L., Wang, Y., Yang, Y., Li, Y., Mo, S., Zheng, Q., & Chen, L. (2018) · ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces · doi:10.1021/acsami.7b19347 · Cited by 113
Cited by
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: a half-century historical perspective
Yi, J., You, E.-M., Hu, R., Wu, D.-Y., Liu, G.-K., Yang, Z.-L., Zhang, H., Gu, Y., Wang, Y.-H., Wang, X., et al. (2025) · Chemical Society Reviews · doi:10.1039/d4cs00883a · Cited by 382
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Leong, S. X., Leong, Y. X., Tan, E. X., Sim, H. Y. F., Koh, C. S. L., Lee, Y. H., Chong, C., Ng, L. S., Chen, J. R. T., Pang, D. W. C., Nguyen, L. B. T., Boong, S. K., Han, X., Kao, Y.-C., Chua, Y. H., Phan-Quang, G. C., Phang, I. Y., Lee, H. K., Abdad, M. Y., Tan, N. S., & Ling, X. Y.
- Venue
- ACS Nano
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2022-01-18
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 2629-2639
- ISSN
- 1936-0851 (ISSN-L)
- 1936-086X
- OpenAlex
- W4205536845
- Cited by
- 199
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 19.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Noninvasive and Point-of-Care Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Breathalyzer for Mass Screening of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under 5 min. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/acsnano.1c09371
- The paper
- Leong, S. X., Leong, Y. X., Tan, E. X., Sim, H. Y. F., Koh, C. S. L., Lee, Y. H., Chong, C., Ng, L. S., Chen, J. R. T., Pang, D. W. C., Nguyen, L. B. T., Boong, S. K., Han, X., Kao, Y.-C., Chua, Y. H., Phan-Quang, G. C., Phang, I. Y., Lee, H. K., Abdad, M. Y., . . . Ling, X. Y. (2022). Noninvasive and Point-of-Care Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS)-Based Breathalyzer for Mass Screening of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) under 5 min. ACS Nano. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.1c09371
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.