Particle Size-Controlled Growth of Carbon-Supported Platinum Nanoparticles (Pt/C) through Water-Assisted Polyol Synthesis
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A water-assisted control of Pt nanoparticle size during a surfactant-free, microwave-assisted polyol synthesis of the carbon-supported platinum nanoparticles (Pt/C) in a mixture of ethylene glycol and water using (NH4)2PtCl6 as the Pt precursor is demonstrated. The particle size was tuned between ∼2 and ∼6 nm by varying either the H2O volume percent or the Pt precursor concentration during synthesis. The electrochemical surface area (ECSA) and the oxygen-reduction reaction activity obtained for the Pt/C electrocatalyst show a catalytic performance competitive to that of the state-of-the-art commercial Pt/C electrocatalysts used for polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell electrodes (ECSA: ∼70 m2/g; half-wave potential for oxygen reduction reaction: 0.83 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode). The synthesized Pt/C electrocatalysts show durability equivalent to or better than that of the commercial Pt/C. The durability was found to improve with increasing particle size, with the ECSA loss values being ∼70 and ∼55% for the particle sizes of 2.1 and 4.3 nm, respectively. The study may be used as a route to synthesize Pt/C electrocatalysts from a convenient and economic Pt precursor (NH4)2PtCl6 and avoiding the use of alkaline media.
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Durability testing via potential cycling indicated the highest stability for the pure EG synthesized catalyst followed by a sample synthesized with 95 vol% H2O, both surpassing the commercial reference.
“Durability testing via potential cycling further indicated the highest stability for the pure EG synthesized catalyst followed by a sample synthesized with 95 vol% H 2 O, both surpassing the commercial Ref. 21.”
From Effect of Solvent Ratio (Ethylene Glycol/Water) in the Synthesis of Pt/C Cathode Catalysts on PEM Fuel Cell Performance (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
The Results and Discussion section (page unavailable) reports that the 00% H₂O (pure EG) and 95% H₂O catalysts had higher durability than the 70% catalyst after potential cycling. Figure 5’s caption says a commercial Pt/C catalyst was included in the durability plots, but the available text does not state that pure EG ranked above 95% H₂O or that both surpassed the commercial catalyst. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredPublished data reveals trends in ECSA and activity of Pt/C based cathode catalysts synthesized by the polyol method related to synthesis conditions and resulting particle sizes.
“In summary, the published data reveals trends in the ECSA and activity of Pt/C based cathode catalysts synthesized by the polyol method related to the synthesis conditions and resulting particle sizes.”
From Effect of Solvent Ratio (Ethylene Glycol/Water) in the Synthesis of Pt/C Cathode Catalysts on PEM Fuel Cell Performance (2024) · cites this paper as [21]
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- Authors
- Sharma, R., Wang, Y., Li, F., Chamier, J., & Andersen, S. M.
- Affiliations
- University of Southern Denmark (DK)
- Beijing University of Technology (CN)
- University of Cape Town (ZA)
- Corresponding author
- Sharma, Raghunandan
- Andersen, Shuang Ma
- Venue
- ACS Omega
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2019-09-10
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 13
- Pages
- 15711-15720
- ISSN
- 2470-1343 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC6761748
- OpenAlex
- W2972547560
- Cited by
- 49
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 1
- FWCI
- 0.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- ACS Omega (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Southern Denmark Research Portal (University of Southern Denmark) (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Udenrigsministeriet (18-MG02SDU, 19-MG01SDU, 19-MG02SDU)
- COWIfonden (NA)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Electrical and Electronic Engineering › Fuel Cells and Related Materials
- Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Catalytic Processes in Materials Science
- Keywords
- platinum nanoparticles, Pt/C catalyst, particle size control, microwave-assisted synthesis, surfactant-free synthesis, ethylene glycol-water mixture, oxygen reduction reaction, electrochemically active surface area, catalyst stability, proton exchange membrane fuel cells
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