Growth and Activation of an Amorphous Molybdenum Sulfide Hydrogen Evolving Catalyst
Open accessAbstract
Amorphous molybdenum sulfide films, prepared by electrodeposition, are a class of highly active catalysts for hydrogen evolution. The growth mechanism of the films and the true active species were unclear. Herein, we report a study of the growth and activation of these films using Electrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Three processes, including oxidative deposition, reductive corrosion, and reductive deposition, are occurring during the growth of a molybdenum sulfide film. Deposition method, precursor concentration, and potential window are among the factors influencing the film growth. Regardless of deposition methods, all films exhibit similar catalytic activity on a per mass base. Potentiostatic oxidation (anodic electrolysis) is the method for fastest film growth; it produces a MoS 3 film precatalyst which can be electrochemically activated. The activity of the MoS 3 precatalyst scales with catalyst loading; at a loading of 0.2 mg/cm 2, the current density is 20 mA/cm 2 at an overpotential of 170 mV. Films differently deposited have different initial compositions, but the active catalysts in all films are the same MoS 2+ x species, whose XPS characteristics are distinct from those of crystalline MoS 2 . The activation process of a MoS 3 film precatalyst involves a reductive removal of slightly less than one equivalent of sulfide to form MoS 2+ x .
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MoS2 has received tremendous attention owing to its high activity and earth-abundant composition.
“Among all these TMDs, molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has received tremendous attention owing to the high activity and earth-abundant composition, inducing the rapid development of various kinds of MoS2-based HER electrocatalysts [19–23].”
From Graphene/graphene nanoribbon aerogels as tunable three-dimensional framework for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction (2017) · cites this paper as [21]
MoS2 can be a promising electrocatalyst for HER.
“Recently, researchers have found that MoS2 can be a promising electrocatalyst for HER.22−31”
From In-Situ Growth of Few-Layered MoS<sub>2</sub> Nanosheets on Highly Porous Carbon Aerogel as Advanced Electrocatalysts for Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (2015) · cites this paper as [26]
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Noble metal-free hydrogen evolution catalysts for water splitting
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- Authors
- Vrubel, H., & Hu, X.
- Affiliations
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (CH)
- Corresponding author
- Hu, Xile
- ORCID
- Hu, Xile
- Venue
- ACS Catalysis
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2013-08-06
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 2002-2011
- ISSN
- 2155-5435 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2115303933
- Cited by
- 292
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 22 · 2020: 32 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 37 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 26 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 9.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- infoscience.epfl.ch
- Licence
- cc-by-nc-nd
- Locations
- ACS Catalysis (publishedVersion)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Infoscience (Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Electrocatalysts for Energy Conversion
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › Metalloenzymes and iron-sulfur proteins
- Physical Sciences › Energy › Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment › CO2 Reduction Techniques and Catalysts
- Keywords
- amorphous molybdenum sulfide, hydrogen evolution reaction, electrodeposited films, film growth mechanism, electrochemical activation, reductive deposition, catalyst loading, electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance
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