The DOI matches its Crossref record; 13 of the 13 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Emission Factors and Importance of PCDD/Fs, PCBs, PCNs, PAHs and PM10 from the Domestic Burning of Coal and Wood in the U.K.
Abstract
This paper presents emission factors (EFs) derived for a range of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) when coal and wood were subject to controlled burning experiments, designed to simulate domestic burning for space heating. A wide range of POPs were emitted, with emissions from coal being higher than those from wood. Highest EFs were obtained for particulate matter, PM10, (approximately 10 g/kg fuel) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (approximately 100 mg/ kg fuel for sigmaPAHs). For chlorinated compounds, EFs were highest for polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), with polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs), dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs) and dibenzofurans (PCDFs) being less abundant. EFs were on the order of 1000 ng/kg fuel for sigmaPCBs, 100s ng/ kg fuel for sigmaPCNs and 100 ng/kg fuel for sigmaPCDD/Fs. The study confirmed that mono- to trichlorinated dibenzofurans, Cl1,2,3DFs, were strong indicators of low temperature combustion processes, such as the domestic burning of coal and wood. It is concluded that numerous PCB and PCN congeners are routinely formed during the combustion of solid fuels. However, their combined emissions from the domestic burning of coal and wood would contribute only a few percent to annual U.K. emission estimates. Emissions of PAHs and PM10 were major contributors to U.K. national emission inventories. Major emissions were found from the domestic burning for Cl1,2,3DFs, while the contribution of PCDD/F-sigmaTEQ to total U.K. emissions was minor.
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Cites
Toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) for PCBs, PCDDs, PCDFs for humans and wildlife.
Van den Berg, M., Birnbaum, L., Bosveld, A. T., Brunström, B., Cook, P., Feeley, M., Giesy, J. P., Hanberg, A., Hasegawa, R., Kennedy, S. W., et al. (1998) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp.98106775 · Cited by 3,301
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Self-citationFine Particle and Gaseous Emission Rates from Residential Wood Combustion
McDonald, J. D., Zielinska, B., Fujita, E. M., Sagebiel, J. C., Chow, J. C., & Watson, J. G. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9909632 · Cited by 607
Emissions of organic air toxics from open burning: a comprehensive review
Lemieux, P. M., Lutes, C. C., & Santoianni, D. A. (2004) · Progress in Energy and Combustion Science · doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2003.08.001 · Cited by 494
Polychlorinated naphthalenes: an environmental update
Falandysz, J. (1998) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/s0269-7491(98)00023-2 · Cited by 345
Kim Oanh, N. T., Bætz Reutergårdh, L., & Dung, N. T. (1999) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es980853f · Cited by 303
Blankenship, A. L., Kannan, K., Villalobos, S. A., Villeneuve, D. L., Falandysz, J., Imagawa, T., Jakobsson, E., & Giesy, J. P. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9914339 · Cited by 249
Dioxin levels in wood combustion—a review
Lavric, E. D., Konnov, A. A., & Ruyck, J. D. (2004) · Biomass and Bioenergy · doi:10.1016/s0961-9534(03)00104-1 · Cited by 196
Lohmann, R., Northcott, G. L., & Jones, K. C. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es991183w · Cited by 160
Self-citationLemieux, P., Lutes, C. C., Abbott, J. A., & Aldous, K. M. (2000) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es990465t · Cited by 132
Gullett, B. K., Touati, A., & Hays, M. D. (2003) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es026373c · Cited by 131
PCDD/F emissions from forest fire simulations
Gullett, B. K., & Touati, A. (2003) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/s1352-2310(02)00951-2 · Cited by 90
Combustion sources of particles: 2. Emission factors and measurement methods
Zhang, J. J., & Morawska, L. (2002) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/s0045-6535(02)00240-0 · Cited by 61
Cited by
Atmospheric polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons: Source attribution, emission factors and regulation
RAVINDRA, K., SOKHI, R., & VANGRIEKEN, R. (2008) · Atmospheric Environment · doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2007.12.010 · Cited by 2,617
Emission of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in China
Xu, S., Liu, W., & Tao, S. (2006) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0517062 · Cited by 586
Soil pollution by PAHs in urban soils: a comparison of three European cities
Morillo, E., Romero, A. S., Maqueda, C., Madrid, L., Ajmone-Marsan, F., Grcman, H., Davidson, C. M., Hursthouse, A. S., & Villaverde, J. (2007) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/b705955h · Cited by 275
Montano, L., Pironti, C., Pinto, G., Ricciardi, M., Buono, A., Brogna, C., Venier, M., Piscopo, M., Amoresano, A., & Motta, O. (2022) · Toxics · doi:10.3390/toxics10070365 · Cited by 268
Khairy, M., Muir, D., Teixeira, C., & Lohmann, R. (2015) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.5b00186 · Cited by 56
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, R. G. M., Coleman, P., Jones, J. L., Jones, K. C., & Lohmann, R.
- Venue
- Environmental Science & Technology
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2005-01-29
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1436-1447
- ISSN
- 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5851
- OpenAlex
- W1975982811
- Cited by
- 281
- References
- 13
- FWCI
- 8.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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