Cited by 295Water Treatment and DisinfectionAdvanced oxidation water treatmentAntimicrobial agents and applications

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 56 of the 57 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Formation of Chloroform and Chlorinated Organics by Free-Chlorine-Mediated Oxidation of Triclosan

Rule, Krista L., Ebbett, Virginia R., Vikesland, Peter J.·2005·Environmental Science & Technology

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The widely used antimicrobial agent triclosan (5-chloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) readily reacts with free chlorine under drinking water treatment conditions. Overall second-order kinetics were observed, first-order in free chlorine and first-order in triclosan. Over the pH range of 4-11.5, the kinetics were pH sensitive as a result of the pH dependent speciation of both triclosan and free chlorine. Using a Marquardt-Levenberg routine, it was determined that this pH effect indicates that the dominant reaction in this system is between the ionized phenolate form of triclosan and hypochlorous acid (HOCl). The overall second-order rate coefficient was determined to be kArO- = 5.40 (+/- 1.82) x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1). Three chlorophenoxyphenols and two chlorophenols were identified by gas chromatographic-mass spectroscopic analysis. The chlorophenoxyphenol compounds include two monochlorinated triclosan derivatives (5,6-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoy)phenol and 4,5-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol) and one dichlorinated derivative (4,5,6-trichloro-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol); these species form via bimolecular electrophilic substitution of triclosan. 2,4-Dichlorophenol was detected under all reaction conditions and forms via ether cleavage of triclosan. In experiments with excess free chlorine, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol was formed via electrophilic substitution of 2,4-dichlorophenol. Chloroform formation was observed when an excess of free chlorine was present. A Hammett-type linear free-energy relationship (LFER) using Brown-Okamoto parameters (sigma+) was established to correlate the reactivity of HOCI and the phenolate forms of triclosan and other chlorophenols (log kArO- = -(10.7 +/- 2.2)Sigmasigma(+)o,m,p + 4.43). This LFER was used to obtain estimates of rate coefficients describing the reactivity of the intermediates 5,6-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoy)phenol (kArO- approximately equal to 6 x 10(2)), 4,5-dichloro-2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (kArO- approximately equal to 3 x 10(2)), and 4,5,6-trichloro-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)phenol (kArO- approximately equal to 4 x 10(1)).

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/es048943+

Cites

56 of 56 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

We couldn’t retrieve this paper’s full text, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

A survey of Hammett substituent constants and resonance and field parameters
Hansch, C. H., Leo, A. J., & TAFT, R. W. (1991) · Chemical Reviews · doi:10.1021/cr00002a004 · Cited by 8,676
Pharmaceuticals, Hormones, and Other Organic Wastewater Contaminants in U.S. Streams, 1999–2000: A National Reconnaissance
Kolpin, D. W., Furlong, E. T., Meyer, M. T., Thurman, E. M., Zaugg, S. D., Barber, L. B., & Buxton, H. T. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es011055j · Cited by 7,953
Environmental Organic Chemistry
Schwarzenbach, R. P., Gschwend, P. M., & Imboden, D. M. (2002) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/0471649643 · Cited by 4,889
Removal of Pharmaceuticals during Drinking Water Treatment
Ternes, T. A., Meisenheimer, M., McDowell, D. C., Sacher, F., Brauch, H., Haist-Gulde, B., Preuß, G., Willme, U., & Zullei-Seibert, N. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es015757k · Cited by 1,293
Persistence of pharmaceutical compounds and other organic wastewater contaminants in a conventional drinking-water-treatment plant
Stackelberg, P. E., Furlong, E. T., Meyer, M. T., Zaugg, S. D., Henderson, A. K., & Reissman, D. B. (2004) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.03.015 · Cited by 1,093
Pharmaceuticals, Personal Care Products, and Endocrine Disruptors in Water: Implications for the Water Industry
Snyder, S. A., Westerhoff, P. K., Yoon, Y., & Sedlak, D. L. (2003) · Environmental Engineering Science · doi:10.1089/109287503768335931 · Cited by 950
Triclosan: Occurrence and Fate of a Widely Used Biocide in the Aquatic Environment: Field Measurements in Wastewater Treatment Plants, Surface Waters, and Lake Sediments
Singer, H., Mueller, S. R., Tixier, C., & Pillonel, L. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es025750i · Cited by 789
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products (PPCPs) in surface and treated waters of Louisiana, USA and Ontario, Canada
Boyd, G. R., Reemtsma, H., Grimm, D. A., & Mitra, S. (2003) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/s0048-9697(03)00138-4 · Cited by 722
Removal of Antibiotics from Surface and Distilled Water in Conventional Water Treatment Processes
Adams, C. D., Wang, Y.-T., Loftin, K. A., & Meyer, M. T. (2002) · Journal of Environmental Engineering · doi:10.1061/(asce)0733-9372(2002)128:3(253 · Cited by 660
Occurrence and Environmental Behavior of the Bactericide Triclosan and Its Methyl Derivative in Surface Waters and in Wastewater
Lindström, A., Buerge, I. J., Poiger, T., Bergqvist, P., Müller, M. D., & Buser, H.-R. (2002) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es0114254 · Cited by 538

Show all 57 references

Research works printed but not linked: 24

Meincke B. E., 1980, Microbios, 1980, 147
McDonnell G. D. P, 1998, ASM News, 64, 671
McAvoy D. C., 2002, Environ. Toxicol. Chem., 21, 1329
Singer H., 2002, Environ. Sci. Technol., 36, 5004
Boyd G. R., 2004, Sci. Total Environ., 333, 148
McBain A. J., 2003, Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 69, 5442
Hay A. G., 2001, FEMS Microbiol., Ecol., 36, 112
Zhang H., 2003, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 2430
Boyd G. R., 2003, Sci. Total Environ., 311, 149
Heberer T., 2001, River, Ground, and Drinking Water in Greece and Berlin (Germany), 791
Frick E. A., 2001, Proceedings of the 2001 Georgia Water Resources Conference; Hatcher, K. J., Ed.; The University of Georgia: Atlanta
Henderson A. K., 2001, Metropolitan Atlanta, 1999. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Pharmaceuticals and Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in Water, National Ground Water Association: Minneapolis, MN
Adams C., 2002, J. Environ. Eng. (N.Y.), 128, 260
Hu J. Y., 2003, Environ. Sci. Technol., 37, 5670
Lee G. F., 1962, Int. J. Air Water Pollut., 6, 431
Soper F. G., 1926, J. Chem. Soc., 6, 1591
Onodera S., 1987, J. Chromatogr., 392, 275
Clesceri L. S., 1989, 4500Cl- G. DPD Colorimetric Method
Jensen J. N., 1990, Environ. Sci. Technol., 24, 900
Nakamura S., 2001, Analyst, 126, 839
Hansch C., 1995, Exploring QSAR: Fundamentals and Applications in Chemistry and Biology
Li C., 1999, J. Phys. Chem. B, 103, 6656
Jonsson M., 1993, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1567, 1568
Leenheer J. A., 1995, Environ. Sci. Technol., 29, 405

Sorted by citations

Occurrence, genotoxicity, and carcinogenicity of regulated and emerging disinfection by-products in drinking water: A review and roadmap for research
RICHARDSON, S., PLEWA, M., WAGNER, E., SCHOENY, R., & DEMARINI, D. (2007) · Mutation Research/Reviews in Mutation Research · doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2007.09.001 · Cited by 3,317
Reactions of chlorine with inorganic and organic compounds during water treatment—Kinetics and mechanisms: A critical review
Deborde, M., & von Gunten, U. (2007) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2007.07.025 · Cited by 2,126
Drinking Water Disinfection Byproducts (DBPs) and Human Health Effects: Multidisciplinary Challenges and Opportunities
Li, X.-F., & Mitch, W. A. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b05440 · Cited by 1,020
Fate and toxicity of emerging pollutants, their metabolites and transformation products in the aquatic environment
Farré, M. L., Pérez, S., Kantiani, L., & Barceló, D. (2008) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2008.09.010 · Cited by 1,009
Triclosan: environmental exposure, toxicity and mechanisms of action
Dann, A. B., & Hontela, A. (2010) · Journal of Applied Toxicology · doi:10.1002/jat.1660 · Cited by 901
A national reconnaissance for pharmaceuticals and other organic wastewater contaminants in the United States — II) untreated drinking water sources
Focazio, M. J., Kolpin, D. W., Barnes, K. K., Furlong, E. T., Meyer, M. T., Zaugg, S. D., Barber, L. B., & Thurman, M. E. (2008) · Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.02.021 · Cited by 843
Oxidation Processes in Water Treatment: Are We on Track?
von Gunten, U. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.8b00586 · Cited by 708
Triclosan exposure, transformation, and human health effects
Weatherly, L. M., & Gosse, J. A. (2017) · Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health Part B · doi:10.1080/10937404.2017.1399306 · Cited by 619
Occurrence and removal of transformation products of PPCPs and illicit drugs in wastewaters: A review
Εvgenidou, Ε., Konstantinou, I., & Lambropoulou, D. A. (2014) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.10.021 · Cited by 591
The Chlorine Dilemma
Sedlak, D. L., & von Gunten, U. (2011) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1196397 · Cited by 450
Prediction of Micropollutant Elimination during Ozonation of Municipal Wastewater Effluents: Use of Kinetic and Water Specific Information
Lee, Y., Gerrity, D. W., Lee, M., Bogeat, Á. E., Salhi, E., Gamage, S., Trenholm, R. A., Wert, E. C., Snyder, S. A., & von Gunten, U. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es400781r · Cited by 449
Year-long evaluation on the occurrence and fate of pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and endocrine disrupting chemicals in an urban drinking water treatment plant
Padhye, L. P., Yao, H., Kungu, F. T., & Huang, C. (2013) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2013.10.070 · Cited by 449
Functional nanofibers for environmental applications
Yoon, K., Hsiao, B. S., & Chu, B. (2008) · Journal of Materials Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b804128h · Cited by 421
Occurrence and toxicity of antimicrobial triclosan and by-products in the environment
Bedoux, G., Roig, B., Thomas, O., Dupont, V., & Bot, B. L. (2011) · Environmental Science and Pollution Research · doi:10.1007/s11356-011-0632-z · Cited by 399
Pharmaceuticals and personal care products in effluent matrices: A survey of transformation and removal during wastewater treatment and implications for wastewater management
Oulton, R. L., Kohn, T., & Cwiertny, D. M. (2010) · Journal of Environmental Monitoring · doi:10.1039/c0em00068j · Cited by 369
Emerging environmental contaminants: Challenges facing our next generation and potential engineering solutions
Richardson, S. D., & Kimura, S. Y. (2017) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2017.04.002 · Cited by 364
On the Need and Speed of Regulating Triclosan and Triclocarban in the United States
Halden, R. U. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es500495p · Cited by 345
The formation and control of emerging disinfection by-products of health concern
Krasner, S. W. (2009) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · doi:10.1098/rsta.2009.0108 · Cited by 313
Drinking Water Disinfection By-products
Richardson, S. D., & Postigo, C. (2011) · The handbook of environmental chemistry · doi:10.1007/698_2011_125 · Cited by 310
Simultaneous determination and assessment of 4-nonylphenol, bisphenol A and triclosan in tap water, bottled water and baby bottles
Xu, L., Ying, G., Su, H., Yang, X., & Wang, L. (2010) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2010.04.009 · Cited by 283
Using Cl/Br ratios and other indicators to assess potential impacts on groundwater quality from septic systems: A review and examples from principal aquifers in the United States
Katz, B. G., Eberts, S. M., & Kauffman, L. J. (2010) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2010.11.017 · Cited by 277
Interactions of Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Agents with Aqueous Chlorine: Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms, and Transformation Pathways
Dodd, M. C., Shah, A. D., von Gunten, U., & Huang, C. (2005) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es050054e · Cited by 268
Oxidation of Triclosan by Permanganate (Mn(VII)): Importance of Ligands and In Situ Formed Manganese Oxides
Jiang, J., Pang, S., & Ma, J. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es901663d · Cited by 253
The Florence Statement on Triclosan and Triclocarban
Halden, R. U., Lindeman, A. E., Aiello, A. E., Andrews, D. Q., Arnold, W. A., Fair, P. A., Fuoco, R. E., Geer, L. A., Johnson, P. I., Lohmann, R., et al. (2017) · Environmental Health Perspectives · doi:10.1289/ehp1788 · Cited by 239
Chemical and microbial decontamination of pool water using activated potassium peroxymonosulfate
Anipsitakis, G. P., Tufano, T. P., & Dionysiou, D. D. (2008) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2008.03.002 · Cited by 221
Oxidative transformations of environmental pharmaceuticals by Cl2, ClO2, O3, and Fe(VI): Kinetics assessment
Sharma, V. K. (2008) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2008.08.033 · Cited by 219
Emerging Investigators Series: The Efficacy of Chlorine Photolysis as an Advanced Oxidation Process for Drinking Water Treatment
Remucal, C. K., & Manley, D. (2016) · Environmental Science: Water Research & Technology · doi:10.1039/c6ew00029k · Cited by 214
The Multiple Role of Bromide Ion in PPCPs Degradation under UV/Chlorine Treatment
Cheng, S., Zhang, X., Yang, X., Shang, C., Song, W., Fang, J., & Pan, Y. (2018) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.7b03268 · Cited by 212
Sulfate radicals induced degradation of Triclosan in thermally activated persulfate system
Gao, H., Chen, J., Zhang, Y., & Zhou, X. (2016) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2016.07.080 · Cited by 198
Oxidative degradation of triclosan by potassium permanganate: Kinetics, degradation products, reaction mechanism, and toxicity evaluation
Chen, J., Qu, R., Pan, X., & Wang, Z. (2016) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2016.07.041 · Cited by 195
Monitoring the photochemical degradation of triclosan in wastewater by UV light and sunlight using solid-phase microextraction
Sánchez-Prado, L., Llompart, M., Lores, M., García-Jares, C., Bayona, J. M., & Cela, R. (2006) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2006.04.025 · Cited by 193
The potential of nanofibers and nanobiocides in water purification
Botes, M., & Cloete, T. E. (2010) · Critical Reviews in Microbiology · doi:10.3109/10408410903397332 · Cited by 188
Trace analysis of parabens, triclosan and related chlorophenols in water by headspace solid-phase microextraction with in situ derivatization and gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry
Regueiro, J., Becerril, E., García-Jares, C., & Llompart, M. (2009) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2009.04.025 · Cited by 186
Biodegradation of triclosan by a wastewater microorganism
Lee, D. G., Zhao, F., Rezenom, Y. H., Russell, D. H., & Chu, K. (2012) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2012.05.025 · Cited by 183
Formation of halogenated by-products of parabens in chlorinated water
Canosa, P., Rodríguez, I., Rubí, E., Negreira, N., & Cela, R. (2006) · Analytica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.aca.2006.05.068 · Cited by 179
Aquatic degradation of triclosan and formation of toxic chlorophenols in presence of low concentrations of free chlorine
Canosa, P., Morales, S., Rodríguez, I., Rubí, E., Cela, R., & Gómez, M. (2005) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-005-0116-4 · Cited by 175
Source, bioaccumulation, degradability and toxicity of triclosan in aquatic environments: A review
Dar, O. I., Aslam, R., Pan, D., Sharma, S., Andotra, M., Kaur, A., Jia, A., & Faggio, C. (2021) · Environmental Technology & Innovation · doi:10.1016/j.eti.2021.102122 · Cited by 172
Occurrence of triclosan in plasma of wild Atlantic bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus) and in their environment
Fair, P. A., Lee, H., Adams, J., Darling, C. T. R., Pacepavicius, G., Alaee, M., Bossart, G. D., Henry, N. D., & Muir, D. C. G. (2009) · Environmental Pollution · doi:10.1016/j.envpol.2009.04.002 · Cited by 170
Persistence of pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds in chlorinated drinking water as a function of time
Gibs, J., Stackelberg, P. E., Furlong, E. T., Meyer, M. T., Zaugg, S. D., & Lippincott, R. L. (2006) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2006.11.003 · Cited by 164
Dechlorination of triclosan by enhanced atomic hydrogen-mediated electrochemical reduction: Kinetics, mechanism, and toxicity assessment
Mao, R., Huang, C., Zhao, X., Ma, M., & Qu, J. (2018) · Applied Catalysis B: Environmental · doi:10.1016/j.apcatb.2018.09.013 · Cited by 164
Aqueous chlorination of the antibacterial agent trimethoprim: Reaction kinetics and pathways
Dodd, M. C., & Huang, C. (2006) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2006.10.029 · Cited by 157
Dioxin Photoproducts of Triclosan and Its Chlorinated Derivatives in Sediment Cores
Buth, J. M., Steen, P. O., Sueper, C., Blumentritt, D., Vikesland, P. J., Arnold, W. A., & McNeill, K. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es1001105 · Cited by 150
Self-citation
Understanding the Role of Manganese Dioxide in the Oxidation of Phenolic Compounds by Aqueous Permanganate
Jiang, J., Gao, Y., Pang, S., Lu, X., Zhou, Y., Ma, J., & Wang, Q. (2014) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es504796h · Cited by 150
Kinetics of triclosan oxidation by aqueous ozone and consequent loss of antibacterial activity: Relevance to municipal wastewater ozonation
Suárez, S., Dodd, M. C., Omil, F., & von Gunten, U. (2007) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2007.02.049 · Cited by 147
Regulation, formation, exposure, and treatment of disinfection by-products (DBPs) in swimming pool waters: A critical review
Yang, L., Chen, X., She, Q., Cao, G., Liu, Y., Chang, V. W.-C., & Tang, C. Y. (2018) · Environment International · doi:10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.024 · Cited by 144
Ultrasound-assisted emulsification–microextraction of phenolic preservatives in water
Regueiro, J., Llompart, M., Psillakis, E., Garcia-Monteagudo, J. C., & García-Jares, C. (2009) · Talanta · doi:10.1016/j.talanta.2009.06.015 · Cited by 144
On the electrolysis of dilute chloride solutions: Influence of the electrode material on Faradaic efficiency for active chlorine, chlorate and perchlorate
Neodo, S., Rosestolato, D., Ferro, S., & Battisti, A. D. (2012) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.017 · Cited by 143
Enhanced transformation of triclosan by laccase in the presence of redox mediators
Murugesan, K., Chang, Y.-Y., Kim, Y., Jeon, J.-R., Kim, E.-J., & Chang, Y. (2009) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2009.09.058 · Cited by 137
Degradation of synthetic pollutants in real wastewater using laccase encapsulated in core–shell magnetic copper alginate beads
Le, T. T., Murugesan, K., Lee, C.-S., Vu, C. H., Chang, Y.-S., & Jeon, J.-R. (2016) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.077 · Cited by 133
Chlorine Monoxide (Cl2O) and Molecular Chlorine (Cl2) as Active Chlorinating Agents in Reaction of Dimethenamid with Aqueous Free Chlorine
Sivey, J. D., McCullough, C. E., & Roberts, A. L. (2010) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9038903 · Cited by 132
Development of quantitative structure activity relationship (QSAR) model for disinfection byproduct (DBP) research: A review of methods and resources
Chen, B., Zhang, T., Bond, T., & Gan, Y. (2015) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.06.054 · Cited by 130
Aquatic photochemistry of chlorinated triclosan derivatives: Potential source of polychlorodibenzo-P-dioxins
Buth, J. M., Grandbois, M. L., Vikesland, P. J., McNeill, K., & Arnold, W. A. (2009) · Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry · doi:10.1897/08-490.1 · Cited by 129
Self-citation
Oxidative removal of bisphenol A by permanganate: Kinetics, pathways and influences of co-existing chemicals
Zhang, J., Sun, B., & Guan, X. (2013) · Separation and Purification Technology · doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2013.01.023 · Cited by 128
A review of monitoring methods for triclosan and its occurrence in aquatic environments
Montaseri, H., & Forbes, P. B. C. (2016) · TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.trac.2016.09.010 · Cited by 126
Application of permanganate in the oxidation of micropollutants: a mini review
Guan, X., He, D., Ma, J., & Chen, G. (2010) · 中国环境科学与工程前沿：英文版 · doi:10.1007/s11783-010-0252-8 · Cited by 120
Study of some UV filters stability in chlorinated water and identification of halogenated by-products by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Negreira, N., Canosa, P., Rodríguez, I., Ramil, M., Rubí, E., & Cela, R. (2007) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.11.057 · Cited by 119
Quantification of Triclosan, Chlorinated Triclosan Derivatives, and their Dioxin Photoproducts in Lacustrine Sediment Cores
Anger, C. T., Sueper, C., Blumentritt, D., McNeill, K., Engstrom, D. R., & Arnold, W. A. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es3045289 · Cited by 115
Oxidation of triclosan by ferrate: Reaction kinetics, products identification and toxicity evaluation
Yang, B., Ying, G., Zhao, J., Zhang, L., Fang, Y., & Nghiem, L. D. (2010) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.10.106 · Cited by 111
Pressurized liquid extraction with in-cell clean-up followed by gas chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the selective determination of parabens and triclosan in indoor dust
Canosa, P., Pérez-Palacios, D., Garrido‐López, Á., Tena, M. T., Rodríguez, I., Rubí, E., & Cela, R. (2007) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2007.05.089 · Cited by 111
Dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection and liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of triclosan and 2,4-dichlorophenol in water samples
Zheng, C., Zhao, J., Bao, P., Gao, J., & He, J. (2011) · Journal of Chromatography A · doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.050 · Cited by 109
Assessment of the acute toxicity of triclosan and methyl triclosan in wastewater based on the bioluminescence inhibition of Vibrio fischeri
Farré, M., Asperger, D., Kantiani, L., González, S., Petrović, M., & Barceló, ‪. (2008) · Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry · doi:10.1007/s00216-007-1779-9 · Cited by 106
Triclosan (TCS) exposure impairs lipid metabolism in zebrafish embryos
Ho, J. C. H., Hsiao, C., Kawakami, K., & Tse, W. K. F. (2016) · Aquatic Toxicology · doi:10.1016/j.aquatox.2016.01.001 · Cited by 106
Synthesis of Ag/BiVO4/rGO composite with enhanced photocatalytic degradation of triclosan
Li, M., Xu, G., Guan, Z., Wang, Y., Yu, H., & Yu, Y. H. (2019) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.027 · Cited by 102
Degradation of triclosan by an integrated nano-bio redox process
Bokare, V., Murugesan, K., Kim, Y., Jeon, J.-R., Kim, E.-J., & Chang, Y. (2010) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2010.03.062 · Cited by 102
Naturally Occurring Phenolic Antibacterial Compounds Show Effectiveness against Oral Bacteria by a Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationship Study
Greenberg, M., Dodds, M. W. J., & Tian, M. (2008) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf8020859 · Cited by 101
Compressed Mints and Chewing Gum Containing Magnolia Bark Extract Are Effective against Bacteria Responsible for Oral Malodor
Greenberg, M., Urnezis, P., & Tian, M. (2007) · Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry · doi:10.1021/jf072122h · Cited by 96
Removal and reductive dechlorination of triclosan by Chlorella pyrenoidosa
Wang, S., Wang, X., Poon, K., Wang, Y., Li, S., Liu, H., Lin, S., & Cai, Z. (2013) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2013.03.067 · Cited by 95
Oxidative removal of selected endocrine-disruptors and pharmaceuticals in drinking water treatment systems, and identification of degradation products of triclosan
Wu, Q., Shi, H., Adams, C. D., Timmons, T., & Ma, Y. (2012) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.08.090 · Cited by 92
Dentifrices; an update
Davies, R. M., Scully, C. M., & Preston, A. J. (2010) · Medicina oral, patología oral y cirugía bucal · doi:10.4317/medoral.15.e976 · Cited by 92
3D QSPR models for the removal of trace organic contaminants by ozone and free chlorine
Lei, H., & Snyder, S. A. (2007) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2007.05.010 · Cited by 91
Removal of micropollutants in drinking water using UV-LED/chlorine advanced oxidation process followed by activated carbon adsorption
Yin, R., & Shang, C. (2020) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2020.116297 · Cited by 89
Laccase‐catalysed oxidation of aqueous triclosan
Kim, Y., & Nicell, J. A. (2006) · Journal of Chemical Technology & Biotechnology · doi:10.1002/jctb.1507 · Cited by 88
Spectroscopic Investigation of Interfacial Interaction of Manganese Oxide with Triclosan, Aniline, and Phenol
Shaikh, N., Taujale, S., Zhang, H. J., Artyushkova, K., Ali, A.-M. S., & Cerrato, J. M. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b02673 · Cited by 86
Monitoring the Speciation of Aqueous Free Chlorine from pH 1 to 12 with Raman Spectroscopy to Determine the Identity of the Potent Low-pH Oxidant
Cherney, D. P., Duirk, S. E., Tarr, J. C., & Collette, T. W. (2006) · Applied Spectroscopy · doi:10.1366/000370206777887062 · Cited by 84
Occurrence and environmental levels of triclosan and triclocarban in selected wastewater treatment plants in Gauteng Province, South Africa
Lehutso, R. F., Daso, A. P., & Okonkwo, J. O. (2017) · Emerging contaminants · doi:10.1016/j.emcon.2017.07.001 · Cited by 83
Transformation of Flame Retardant Tetrabromobisphenol A by Aqueous Chlorine and the Effect of Humic Acid
Gao, Y., Pang, S., Jiang, J., Ma, J., Zhou, Y., Li, J., Wang, L.-H., Lu, X., & Yuan, L.-P. (2016) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/acs.est.6b02844 · Cited by 83
Antiplaque and antigingivitis toothpastes
Sanz, M., Serrano, J., Iniesta, M., Santa Cruz, I., & Herrera, D. (2013) · Monographs in Oral Science · doi:10.1159/000350465 · Cited by 81
Equilibrium, Kinetic, and Thermodynamic Studies on the Adsorption of Triclosan onto Multi‐Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Zhou, S., Shao, Y., Gao, N., Deng, J., & Tan, C. (2013) · CLEAN - Soil Air Water · doi:10.1002/clen.201200082 · Cited by 81
pH effect on the formation of THM and HAA disinfection byproducts and potential control strategies for food processing
Hung, Y., Waters, B. W., Yemmireddy, V. K., & Huang, C. (2017) · Journal of Integrative Agriculture · doi:10.1016/s2095-3119(17)61798-2 · Cited by 80
Triclosan breakdown by Fenton-like oxidation
Muñoz, M., de Pedro, Z. M., Casas, J. A., & Rodriguez, J. J. (2012) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.05.097 · Cited by 79
Efficient oxidative degradation of triclosan by using an enhanced Fenton-like process
Song, Z., Wang, N., Zhu, L., Huang, A., Zhao, X., & Tang, H. (2012) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2012.05.067 · Cited by 78
Chlorination of bisphenol S: Kinetics, products, and effect of humic acid
Gao, Y., Jiang, J., Zhou, Y., Pang, S., Ma, J., Jiang, C., Yang, Y., Huang, Z., Gu, J., Guo, Q., et al. (2017) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2017.12.049 · Cited by 77
Removal of endocrine disruptors and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs through wastewater chlorination: The effect of pH, total suspended solids and humic acids and identification of degradation by-products
Noutsopoulos, C., Koumaki, E., Mamais, D., Nika, M., Bletsou, A. A., & Τhomaidis, Ν. S. (2014) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.04.107 · Cited by 76
Electrochemical detection of triclosan at a glassy carbon electrode modifies with carbon nanodots and chitosan
Dai, H., Xu, G., Gong, L., Yang, C., Lin, Y., Tong, Y., Chen, J., & Chen, G. (2012) · Electrochimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.electacta.2012.07.032 · Cited by 75
Unexpected Products and Reaction Mechanisms of the Aqueous Chlorination of Cimetidine
Buth, J. M., Arnold, W. A., & McNeill, K. (2007) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es070606o · Cited by 75
Effectiveness of zinc oxide-assisted photocatalysis for concerned constituents in reclaimed wastewater: 1,4-Dioxane, trihalomethanes, antibiotics, antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB), and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs)
Hwangbo, M., Claycomb, E. C., Liu, Y., Alivio, T. E. G., Banerjee, S., & Chu, K. (2018) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.08.360 · Cited by 74
Effect of Fe–Pd bimetallic nanoparticles on Sphingomonas sp. PH-07 and a nano-bio hybrid process for triclosan degradation
Murugesan, K., Bokare, V., Jeon, J., Kim, E., Kim, J.-H., & Chang, Y. (2011) · Bioresource Technology · doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2011.02.099 · Cited by 72
Identification of methyl triclosan and halogenated analogues in male common carp (Cyprinus carpio) from Las Vegas Bay and semipermeable membrane devices from Las Vegas Wash, Nevada
Leiker, T. J., Abney, S. R., Goodbred, S. L., & Rosen, M. R. (2008) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.11.009 · Cited by 72
Simultaneous removal of Cr(VI) and triclosan from aqueous solutions through Fe3O4 magnetic nanoscale-activated persulfate oxidation
Song, X., Ren, C., Zhao, Q., & Su, B. (2019) · Chemical Engineering Journal · doi:10.1016/j.cej.2019.122586 · Cited by 71
Emerging organic contaminants in wastewater: Understanding electrochemical reactors for triclosan and its by-products degradation
Magro, C., Mateus, E. P., Paz-García, J. M., & Ribeiro, A. B. (2019) · Chemosphere · doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125758 · Cited by 71
Natural Clay Minerals as Environmental Cleaning Agents
Ismadji, S., Soetaredjo, F. E., & Ayucitra, A. (2015) · Springer briefs in molecular science · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-16712-1_2 · Cited by 69
The effectiveness of self‐performed mechanical plaque control with triclosan containing dentifrices
Hioe, K. P. K., & van der Weijden, G. A. (2005) · International Journal of Dental Hygiene · doi:10.1111/j.1601-5037.2005.00150.x · Cited by 68
Halogenation of Bisphenol-A, Triclosan, and Phenols in Chlorinated Waters Containing Iodide
Vikesland, P. J., Fiss, E. M., Wigginton, K. R., McNeill, K., & Arnold, W. A. (2013) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es304927j · Cited by 68
Self-citation
Triclosan and methyl-triclosan monitoring study in the northeast of Spain using a magnetic particle enzyme immunoassay and confirmatory analysis by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry
Kantiani, L., Farré, M., Ašperger, D., Rubio, F. M., González, S., de Alda, M. J. L., Petrović, M., Shelver, W. L., & Barceló, ‪. (2008) · Journal of Hydrology · doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2008.07.016 · Cited by 67
Disinfection Byproducts and Their Precursors in Drinking Water Sources: Origins, Influencing Factors, and Environmental Insights
Xiao, R., Deng, Y., Xu, Z., & Chu, W. (2023) · Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.eng.2023.08.017 · Cited by 65
Formation of dioxins from triclosan with active chlorine: A potential risk assessment
Wu, J., Ji, F., Zhang, H., Hu, C., Wong, M. H., Hu, D., & Cai, Z. (2018) · Journal of Hazardous Materials · doi:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2018.12.088 · Cited by 64
Enhanced coagulation for mitigation of disinfection by-product precursors: A review
Pin, W., Ding, S., Xiao, R., An, G., Fang, C., & Chu, W. (2021) · Advances in Colloid and Interface Science · doi:10.1016/j.cis.2021.102518 · Cited by 64
Reaction of benzophenone UV filters in the presence of aqueous chlorine: Kinetics and chloroform formation
Duirk, S. E., Bridenstine, D. R., & Leslie, D. C. (2012) · Water Research · doi:10.1016/j.watres.2012.10.021 · Cited by 63
Preservatives in Cosmetics
Álvarez‐Rivera, G., Llompart, M., Lores, M., & García-Jares, C. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-63508-2.00009-6 · Cited by 63
Photochemical Formation of Halogenated Dioxins from Hydroxylated Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (OH-PBDEs) and Chlorinated Derivatives (OH-PBCDEs)
Steen, P. O., Grandbois, M. L., McNeill, K., & Arnold, W. A. (2009) · Environmental Science & Technology · doi:10.1021/es9003679 · Cited by 61

Authors: Rule, K. L., Ebbett, V. R., & Vikesland, P. J.
Affiliations: Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 418 Durham Hall, Virginia Polytechnic and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24060-0361
Virginia Tech (US)
Corresponding author: Vikesland, Peter J.
ORCID: Vikesland, Peter J.
Venue: Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher: American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published: 2005-04-02
Volume: 39
Issue: 9
Pages: 3176-3185
ISSN: 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
1520-5851
DOI: 10.1021/es048943+
OpenAlex: W2051663204
Cited by: 293
References: 57
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 28 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 20
FWCI: 11.20
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Environmental Science & Technology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
Water Research Foundation
American Water Works Association Research Foundation
Topics: Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis › Water Treatment and Disinfection
Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Advanced oxidation water treatment
Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology › Antimicrobial agents and applications
Keywords: triclosan, free chlorine, chlorophenols, chloroform formation, disinfection by-products, drinking water disinfection, hypochlorous acid, electrophilic substitution, ether cleavage, 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,4,6-trichlorophenol, reaction kinetics, pH dependence, antimicrobial agents
MeSH terms: Anti-Infective Agents, Local, Chlorine, Chloroform, Disinfection, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Models, Theoretical, Organic Chemicals, Oxidation-Reduction, Solvents, Triclosan, Water Purification

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Formation of Chloroform and Chlorinated Organics by Free-Chlorine-Mediated Oxidation of Triclosan

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks