Student or educator? Sign up with your school email and get 6 months of Pro free.
CoChat
Sign Up
Cited by 1,084

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 19 of the 19 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Aggregation and Sedimentation of Aqueous Nanoscale Zerovalent Iron Dispersions

Phenrat, Tanapon, Saleh, Navid, Sirk, Kevin, Tilton, Robert D., Lowry, Gregory V.·2007·Environmental Science & Technology
DOI 10.1021/es061349a
Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

Nanoscale zerovalent iron (NZVI) rapidly transforms many environmental contaminants to benign products and is a promising in-situ remediation agent. To be effective, NZVI should form stable dispersions in water such that it can be delivered in water-saturated porous media to the contaminated area. Limited mobility of NZVI has been reported, however, attributed to its rapid aggregation. This study uses dynamic light scattering to investigate the rapid aggregation of NZVI from single nanoparticles to micrometer size aggregates, and optical microscopy and sedimentation measurements to estimate the size of interconnected fractal aggregates formed. The rate of aggregation increased with increasing particle concentration and increasing saturation magnetization (i.e., the maximum intrinsic magnet moment) of the particles. During diffusion limited aggregation the primary particles (average radius = 20 nm) aggregate to micrometer-size aggregates in only 10 min, with average hydrodynamic radii ranging from 125 nm to 1.2 microm at a particle concentration of 2 mg/L (volume fraction(phi= 3.2 x 10(-7)) and 60 mg/L (phi = 9.5 x 10(-6)), respectively. Subsequently, these aggregates assemble themselves into fractal, chain-like clusters. At an initial concentration of just 60 mg/L, cluster sizes reach 20-70 microm in 30 min and rapidly sedimented from solution. Parallel experiments conducted with magnetite and hematite, coupled with extended DLVO theory and multiple regression analysis confirm that magnetic attractive forces between particles increase the rate of NZVI aggregation as compared to nonmagnetic particles.

Overview

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1021/es061349a

Cites

19 of 19 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Verification

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

A few free checks a day · papers already verified open instantly · results are public

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Citations

Cites

Research works printed but not linked: 22

  1. Liu Y., 2005, Environ. Sci. Technol., 39, 1345
  2. Zhang W.-X, 2003, J. Nanopart. Res., 5, 332
  3. Henn K. W., 2006, Rem. J., 16, 77
  4. Rosensweig, R. E. Ferrohydrodynamics ; Cambridge University Press: New York, 1985.
  5. Beke D. L, 1998, Cryst. Res. Technol., 33, 1059
  6. de Vicente J., 2000, Langmuir, 16, 7961, 10.1021/la0003490 · doi:10.1021/la0003490
  7. Promislow J., H., E., 1995, J. Chem. Phys., 102, 5498
  8. de Gennes P.-G., 1970, Phys. Kondens. Mater., 11, 198
  9. Chantrell R. W., 1982, J. Appl. Phys., 53, 2744
  10. Sandkühler P., 2004, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 108, 143
  11. Allain C., 1993, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci., 46, 138, 10.1016/0001-8686(93)80038-D · doi:10.1016/0001-8686(93)80038-d
  12. Li R., 2005, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 291, 387
  13. Kim M., 2002, J. Contam. Hydrol., 56, 98
  14. Farrell J., 2000, Environ. Sci. Technol., 34, 521
  15. Dunlop D. J, 1986, J. Geophys. Res., 91, 9584
  16. Butler R. F., 1975, J. Geophys. Res., 80, 4058
  17. Kim A. S., 2005, J. Colloid Interface Sci., 285, 633
  18. Nicolosi V., 2005, J. Phys. Chem. B., 109, 7133, 10.1021/jp045166r · doi:10.1021/jp045166r
  19. Bürger R, 2000, Chem. Eng. J., 80, 188
  20. Li X.-Y., 2001, Water Res., 35, 3380
  21. Lecoanet H. F., 2004, Environ. Sci. Technol., 38, 4382
  22. Saleh N., 2005, Nano Lett., 12, 2494

Cited by

See all 1,084

Metadata

Authors
Phenrat, T., Saleh, N., Sirk, K., Tilton, R. D., & Lowry, G. V.
Venue
Environmental Science & Technology
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2006-12-01
Volume
41
Issue
1
Pages
284-290
ISSN
  • 0013-936X (ISSN-L)
  • 1520-5851
DOI
10.1021/es061349a
OpenAlex
W2030671184
Cited by
1,084
References
19
FWCI
17.79
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.