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The Adsorption of Perfluorooctane Sulfonate onto Sand, Clay, and Iron Oxide Surfaces
Abstract
Fluorinated anionic surfactants have drawn considerable attention due to recent work showing significant concentrations in surface waters and biota from around the globe. A detailed understanding of the transport and fate of fluorinated surfactants through soil and like media must include an elucidation of mineral surface chemistry. Five materials were equilibrated with solutions of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) to characterize adsorption: kaolinite, Ottawa sand standard, synthetic goethite, Lake Michigan sediment, and iron-coated sand from Mappsville, VA. Aqueous and adsorbed PFOS was quantified with LC/MS (mass balance average: 101 ± 12 %, n = 37). The materials showed a near linear increase in adsorption as the equilibrium concentrations increased. Isotherms and calculated solid/solution distribution ratio experiments indicated that PFOS adsorption is significant but smaller than hydrocarbon analogues or organic compounds of similar molecular weight. Surface area normalized adsorption increased for the materials in the following order: goethite < kaolinite < high iron sand < Ottawa sand standard. Experimental results and comparisons to published data suggest that organic carbon may play an important role in sorption whereas electrostatic attraction may play a role when organic carbon is not present.
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In the citing paper
“This may be associated with electrostatic attraction between the perfluoroalkyl anion and the particle surface, which may play an important role in the adsorption process (Johnson et al., 2007).”
From Partitioning behavior of short-chain legacy and novel perfluorinated substances (PFAS) between dissolved and particulate phases in a river-estuary-coast continuum (2025) · cites this paper as Johnson et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“However, the sorption of ionizable PFAS can be influenced by electrostatic interactions, based on the properties of the functional group(s) of the PFAS (Higgins and Luthy, 2007, Johnson et al., 2007, Ferrey et al., 2012, Du et al., 2014, Zhao et al., 2014, Hellsing et al., 2016, Merino et al., 2016).”
From Assessing the potential contributions of additional retention processes to PFAS retardation in the subsurface (2018) · cites this paper as Johnson et al., 2007
In the citing paper
“These values are similar to the range of K d values (2.6-14 L kg -1 for PFOS and 0.5-2.3L kg -1 for PFOA) obtained on pure phyllosilicate minerals such as kaolinite and montmorillonite (Jeon et al., 2011;Johnson et al., 2007;Xiao et al., 2011)”
From Modelling the sorption behaviour of perfluoroalkyl carboxylates and perfluoroalkane sulfonates in soils (2021) · cites this paper as Johnson et al., 2007
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Metadata
- Authors
- Johnson, R. L., Anschutz, A. J., Smolen, J. M., Simcik, M. F., & Penn, R. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Minnesota (US)
- Corresponding author
- Simcik, Matt F.
- Venue
- Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2007-05-08
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1165-1170
- ISSN
- 0021-9568 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5134
- OpenAlex
- W2076617494
- Cited by
- 389
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 22 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 32 · 2020: 34 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 7.37
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances research
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Environmental Chemistry › Environmental Chemistry and Analysis
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Water Science and Technology › Fluoride Effects and Removal
- Keywords
- PFOS, mineral surface chemistry, kaolinite, goethite, iron oxide, Ottawa sand, iron-coated sand, adsorption isotherms, distribution ratio, organic carbon, electrostatic attraction, soil sorption
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