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Tuning of Capacitance Behavior of NiO Using Anionic, Cationic, and Nonionic Surfactants by Hydrothermal Synthesis

Justin, P., Meher, Sumanta Kumar, Rao, G. Ranga·2010·The Journal of Physical Chemistry C

Abstract

In this work, NiO powders with a spherical morphology were synthesized by a simple hydrothermal technique using organic surfactants as templates and urea as the hydrolysis controlling agent. The effect of cationic (cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide), anionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate), and nonionic (Triton X-100) surfactants for tuning the surface area, pore size, pore volume, and electrochemical properties of NiO powders was investigated. The NiO powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, the Brunauer−Emmett−Teller method, cyclic voltammetry, chronopotentiometry, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. We observed that the charge-storage mechanism in our NiO-based electrodes is significantly Faradic in nature rather than capacitive type. The ionic nature of the surfactant used in the preparation of NiO powders shows a considerable effect on their capacitance behavior. The specific capacitance values were found to increase in the order of NiO-T (144 F g −1 ) < NiO-C (239 F g −1 ) < NiO-S (411 F g −1 ) at a current density of 200 mA g −1 in 2 M KOH aqueous electrolyte solution. The NiO-S sample exhibits the highest surface redox reactivity and shows the specific capacitance of 235 F g −1 over 100 cycles at a current density of 500 mA g −1 in a life cycle test.

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Metadata

Authors
Justin, P., Meher, S. K., & Rao, G. R.
Venue
The Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Published
2010-02-25
Volume
114
Issue
11
Pages
5203-5210
ISSN
  • 1932-7447 (ISSN-L)
  • 1932-7455
OpenAlex
W1975555325
Cited by
310
References
28
FWCI
8.93
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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