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True Chemical Structure of Double Network Hydrogels
Abstract
We elucidate why the anomalous high strength of double network gels is obtained when the second network is polymerized without any cross-linkers. We have synthesized truly independent -DN gels (named “ t -DN” gels), which do not have any covalent bonds between the first and the second networks, and showed that the t -DN gels cannot be toughened by the un-cross-linked second network. It means that the high strength of usual DN gels without the cross-linker of the second network is actually achieved by the inter connection between the two networks through covalent bonds (so usual DN gels were named “ c -DN” gels). Further, we found that the t -DN gels become stronger than the c -DN gels when the second network is loosely cross-linked. As the t -DN gels have a more simple structure than the c -DN gels, we expect that the toughening mechanism of DN gels will be clarified by studying the t -DN gels in the future.
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Cited by
Physical hydrogels composed of polyampholytes demonstrate high toughness and viscoelasticity
Sun, T. L., Kurokawa, T., Kuroda, S., Ihsan, A. B., Akasaki, T., Sato, K., Haque, M. A., Nakajima, T., & Gong, J. P. (2013) · Nature Materials · doi:10.1038/nmat3713 · Cited by 2,089
Self-citation50th Anniversary Perspective: Networks and Gels: Soft but Dynamic and Tough
Creton, C. (2017) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01698 · Cited by 463
Chen, G., Huang, J., Gu, J., Peng, S., Xiang, X., Chen, K., Yang, X., Guan, L., Jiang, X., & Hou, L. (2020) · Journal of Materials Chemistry A · doi:10.1039/d0ta00002g · Cited by 359
Hu, J., Hiwatashi, K., Kurokawa, T., Liang, S. M., Wu, Z. L., & Gong, J. P. (2011) · Macromolecules · doi:10.1021/ma2016248 · Cited by 295
Self-citationSasaki, M., Karikkineth, B. C., Nagamine, K., Kaji, H., Torimitsu, K., & Nishizawa, M. (2014) · Advanced Healthcare Materials · doi:10.1002/adhm.201400209 · Cited by 169
Metadata
- Authors
- Nakajima, T., Furukawa, H., Tanaka, Y., Kurokawa, T., Osada, Y., & Gong, J. P.
- Venue
- Macromolecules
- Publisher
- American Chemical Society (ACS)
- Published
- 2009-02-18
- Volume
- 42
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 2184-2189
- ISSN
- 0024-9297 (ISSN-L)
- 1520-5835
- OpenAlex
- W2056032194
- Cited by
- 315
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 5.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Nakajima, T., Furukawa, H., Tanaka, Y., Kurokawa, T., Osada, Y., & Gong, J. P. (2009). True Chemical Structure of Double Network Hydrogels. Macromolecules. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma802148p
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