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Does Vitreous Silica Contradict the Toxicity of the Crystalline Silica Paradigm?

Ghiazza, Mara, Polimeni, Manuela, Fenoglio, Ivana, Gazzano, Elena, Ghigo, Dario, Fubini, Bice·2010·Chemical Research in Toxicology
DOI 10.1021/tx900369x
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Abstract

"Vitreous silica" is a particular form of amorphous silica, much neglected in experimental studies on silica toxicity. In spite of the incorrect term "quartz glass", often employed, this material is fully amorphous. When reduced in powdered form by grinding, the particulate appears most close to workplace quartz dust but, opposite to quartz, is not crystalline. As silicosis and lung cancer are also found among workers exposed to "quartz glass", the question arises of whether crystallinity is the prerequisite feature that makes a silica dust toxic. We compare here the behavior of comminuted quartz, vitreous silica, and monodispersed silica spheres, as it concerns surface reactivity and cellular responses involved in the accepted mechanisms of silica toxicity. Care was taken to choose samples of extreme purity, to avoid any effect due to trace contaminants. Quartz and vitreous silica, opposite to silica spheres, show irregular particles with sharp edges, stable surface radicals, and sustained release of HO(*) radicals via a Fenton-like mechanism. The evolution of the heat of adsorption of water as a function of coverage shows with quartz and vitreous silica a similar pattern of strong hydrophilic sites, nearly absent on the other silica specimen. When tested on a macrophage cell line (MH-S), vitreous silica and pure quartz, but not the monodispersed silica spheres, showed a remarkable potency in cytotoxicity, nitric oxide synthase activation and release of nitrite, and tumor ne…

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Metadata

Authors
Ghiazza, M., Polimeni, M., Fenoglio, I., Gazzano, E., Ghigo, D., & Fubini, B.
Venue
Chemical Research in Toxicology
Publisher
American Chemical Society (ACS)
Published
2010-01-19
Volume
23
Issue
3
Pages
620-629
ISSN
  • 0893-228X
  • 1520-5010
DOI
10.1021/tx900369x
Cited by
92
References
9
Language
en

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Does Vitreous Silica Contradict the Toxicity of the Crystalline Silica Paradigm? https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1021/tx900369x
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Ghiazza, M., Polimeni, M., Fenoglio, I., Gazzano, E., Ghigo, D., & Fubini, B. (2010). Does Vitreous Silica Contradict the Toxicity of the Crystalline Silica Paradigm? Chemical Research in Toxicology. https://doi.org/10.1021/tx900369x