The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index, and 1 are not checked yet.
Secondary traumatic stress and vicarious trauma: A validational study
Abstract
Vicarious trauma (VT) and secondary traumatic stress (STS) or compassion fatigue both describe effects of working with traumatized persons on therapists. Despite conceptual similarities, their emphases differ: cognitive schemas vs. posttraumatic symptoms and burnout, respectively. The TSI Belief Scale (TSI‐BSL) measures VT; the Compassion Fatigue Self‐Test (CFST) for Psychotherapists measures STS. Neither has substantial psychometric evidence yet, nor has their association been studied. Results for 99 sexual assault and domestic violence counselors show concurrent validity between TSI‐BSL, and CFST, moderate convergence with burnout but useful discrimination, and strong convergence with general distress, but adequate independent shared variance. Counselors with interpersonal trauma histories scored higher on CFST, but not TSI‐BSL or burnout, consistent with the CFST's emphasis on trauma symptomatology.
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“Researchers have also found that working with hate speech is linked to intrusive thoughts and hyper-vigilance [92,168].”
From Measuring the Mental Health of Content Reviewers, a Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [92]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Jenkins, S. R., & Baird, S.
- Affiliations
- University of North Texas (US)
- Corresponding author
- Jenkins, Sharon Rae
- Venue
- Journal of Traumatic Stress
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2002-10
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 423-432
- ISSN
- 0894-9867 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6598
- OpenAlex
- W2004886357
- Cited by
- 531
- References
- 31
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 27 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 41 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 25 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 23
- FWCI
- 10.31
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Traumatic Stress (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Stress and Burnout Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Public Administration › Social Work Education and Practice
- Keywords
- secondary traumatic stress, vicarious trauma, compassion fatigue, burnout, trauma symptoms, psychometric validation, concurrent validity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aged, Burnout, Professional, Countertransference, Fatigue, Female, Health Personnel, Humans, Male, Mental Health Services, Middle Aged, Surveys and Questionnaires, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
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