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A Comparison of Depression and Styles of Coping in Male and Female GA Members and Controls
Abstract
Depression and maladaptive coping styles are important components of theories of pathological gambling and are frequently foci of treatment with individuals with gambling problems. The present study aimed to improve understanding and treatment of pathological gambling by comparing levels of depression and styles of coping in male and female members of Gamblers Anonymous (GA) to a group of non-pathological gambling controls matched according to gender, age, education, and income. Pathological gambling was measured by the South Oaks Gambling Scale, depression by the Beck Depression Inventory, and coping styles by the Problem-Focused Styles of Coping inventory. Results showed that GA members reported significantly higher levels of depression and more maladaptive styles of coping than controls. Pathological gamblers' greater use of maladaptive coping was evident even when variance attributable to depression was removed, suggesting that their coping deficits may be pervasive. Female subjects reported significantly greater levels of depression and maladaptive coping than their male counterparts. Implications for treating depression and coping styles in pathological gamblers are discussed.
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“This finding is contrary to the literature that suggests depression among PGs may be associated with poorer coping (Getty, Watson, & Frisch, 2000), and the initial hypothesis of the Pathways Model that these individuals have poorer coping skills (Blaszczynski & Nower, 2002).”
From Subtyping Pathological Gamblers Based on Impulsivity, Depression, and Anxiety (2010) · cites this paper as Getty, Watson, & Frisch, 2000
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Rae, D., & Haw, J. (2005) · International Gambling Studies · doi:10.1080/14459790500303386 · Cited by 4
“It has been shown to change decisional processes (Leahy, 2001) as well as affecting coping styles and regret (Getty et al., 2000).”
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“However, the present study also provides new insights by emphasizing the role of craving in these ER difficulties, which often stem from underlying anxious and depressive symptoms found in individuals experiencing gambling problems [9, 44, 58, 92].”
Anyanwu, M. U., Bajunirwe, F., & Tamwesigire, I. (2020) · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-25227/v1 · Cited by 3
“Studies have found correlations between gambling disorder and self-reported mental health such as anxiety (38), depression (39) and obsession (40).”
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“Getty, Watson, and Frisch (2000) carefully matched a group of GA members with controls who were not problem gamblers.”
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“According to Getty et al. (2000), Gamblers Anonymous members reported higher levels of depression on the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) than non-members did.”
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The relationship between gambling and depression
Hronis, A., Moses, C., & Moustafa, A. A. (2021) · The Nature of Depression · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817676-4.00008-0 · Cited by 2
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Nizri, H., Hemi, A., & Levy-Gigi, E. (2025) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-025-08799-4 · Cited by 1
“Research suggests that women react differently to stressful situations than men (Blehar & Oren, 1997) and they are more susceptible to developing depressive symptoms and mental deterioration (Getty et al., 2000).”
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Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, problem gambling and metacognition
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Correlates of Gambling Behaviors Among Asian American University Students
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Metadata
- Authors
- Getty, H. A., Watson, J., & Frisch, G. R.
- Affiliations
- University of Windsor (CA)
- University of Toronto (CA)
- ORCID
- Watson, Jeanne
- Venue
- Journal of Gambling Studies
- Published
- 2000-12
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 377-391
- ISSN
- 1050-5350 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3602
- OpenAlex
- W1540958975
- Cited by
- 139
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Gambling Studies (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Keywords
- gambling addiction, depression, coping styles, maladaptive coping, Gamblers Anonymous, gender differences, problem-focused coping, Beck Depression Inventory
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