The DOI matches its Crossref record; 112 of the 117 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Will Money Increase Subjective Well-Being?
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Most of this work has revealed a small, but discernible, relationship between income and well-being (for reviews, see Clark, Frijters, & Shields, 2008; Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002; Diener & Oishi, 2000).”
From How your bank balance buys happiness: The importance of “cash on hand” to life satisfaction. (2016) · cites this paper as Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002
In the citing paper
“These studies show that people with larger incomes tend to report greater evaluative well-being (1–10).”
From Experienced well-being rises with income, even above $75,000 per year (2021) · cites this paper as [1]
Citations
Cites
Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress.
Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.2.276 · Cited by 12,910
Self-citationDiener, E. (1984) · Social indicators research series · doi:10.1007/978-90-481-2350-6_2 · Cited by 12,609
Self-citationDiener, E. (1984) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.95.3.542 · Cited by 11,023
Self-citationФАКТОРЫ ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО БЛАГОПОЛУЧИЯ ЛЮДЕЙ ПОЖИЛОГО ВОЗРАСТА
Р., Н. М., & Ю., Б. С. (2026) · CyberLeninK (CyberLeninka) · doi:10.60797/irj.2026.170.43 · Cited by 7,969
Kahneman, D., & Tversky, A. (1984) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.39.4.341 · Cited by 6,544
Kahneman, D. J., & Tversky, A. (2013) · World Scientific handbook in financial economic series · doi:10.1142/9789814417358_0016 · Cited by 5,379
The Structure of Psychological Well-Being.
Mechanic, D., & Bradburn, N. M. (1970) · American Sociological Review · doi:10.2307/2093340 · Cited by 4,925
Social Indicators of Well-Being
Andrews, F. M., & Withey, S. B. (1976) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4684-2253-5 · Cited by 4,920
Does Economic Growth Improve the Human Lot? Some Empirical Evidence
EASTERLIN, R. A. (1974) · Nations and Households in Economic Growth · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-205050-3.50008-7 · Cited by 4,474
The Penn World Table (Mark 5): An Expanded Set of International Comparisons, 1950-1988
Summers, R., & Heston, A. (1991) · The Quarterly Journal of Economics · doi:10.2307/2937941 · Cited by 3,429
Research works printed but not linked: 22
- Ahuvia, A.C. and N. Wong: in press, 'The development of personality and values based materialisms', Journal of Consumer Psychology.
- Aristotle: 1969, The Nichomachean Ethics, translated by Robert Williams (Longmans, Green, London).
- Black, D.: 1976, The Behavior of Law (Academic Press, New York).
- Brant, M., B. Stone, N. Joseph, T.T. Gegax A. Underwood, A. Arora and A. Davis: 1999, 'They're rich and you're not', Newsweek, July 5, vol. 134, pp. 36-43.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M.: 1997, Finding Flow (Basic Books, New York).
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. and B. Schneider: in press, Becoming Adults: How Teenagers Prepare for Work (Basic Books, New York).
- Dow, G.K. and F.T. Juster: 1985, 'Goods, time, and well-being: The joint dependence problem', in F.T. Juster and F.P. Stafford (eds.), Time, Goods, and Well-being (Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI).
- Inglehart, R. and J.R. Rabier: 1986, 'Aspirations adapt to situations–But why are the Belgians so much happier than the French? A cross-cultural analysis of the subjective quality of life', in F.M. Andrews (ed.), Research on Quality of Life (Survey Research Center, Ann Arbor, MI).
- Juster, F.T., 1985, 'Preferences for work and leisure', in F.T. Juster and F.P. Stafford (eds.), Time, Goods, and Well-being (Institute for Social Research, Ann Arbor, MI).
- Kahneman, D., 1999, 'Objective happiness', in D. Kahneman, E. Diener and N. Schwarz (eds.), Well-being: The Foundations of Hedonic Psychology (Russell Sage Foundation, New York, pp. 3-25).
- Lehman, J.S. and T.M. Smeeding: 1997, 'Neighborhood effects and federal policy', in J. Brooks-Gunn, G. J. Duncan and J. L. Aber (eds.), Neighborhood Poverty, vol. 1 (Russell Sage Foundation), pp. 251-278.
- Mayer, S.E.: 1997, 'Indicators of children's economic well-being and parental employment', in R.M. Hauser, B.V. Brown and W.R. Prosser (eds.), Indicators of Children's Well-being (Russell Sage Foundation, New York).
- Nakosteen, R.A. and M.A. Zimmer: 1997, 'Men, money, and marriage: Are high earners more prone than low earners to marry?' Social Service Quarterly 78, pp. 66-82.
- Pamuk, E., D. Makuc, K. Heck, C. Reuben and K. Lochner: 1998, Socioeconomic Status and Health Chartbook: Health, United States, 1998 (National Center for Health Statistics, Hyattsville, MD).
- Schor, J.B.: 1998, The Overspent American (Basic Books, New York).
- Schyns, P.: 1998a, Nation wealth, individual income and life-satisfaction in 42 countries: A multilevel approach. Paper presented at the Second Annual ISQOLS conference. Williamsburg, VA. December 3-6.
- Smith, J.R., J. Brooks-Gunn and A. Jackson: 1997, 'Parental employment and children', in R.M. Hauser, B.V. Brown and W.R. Prosser (eds.), Indicators of Children's Well-being (Russell Sage Foundation, New York).
- Smith, S. and P. Razzell: 1975, The Pools' Winners (Calibon Books, London).
- Templeton, J.M.: 1999, 'A worldwide rise in living standards', The Futurist 33, pp. 17-22.
- Veenhoven, R.: 1993, Happiness in Nations: Subjective Appreciation of Life in 55 Nations 1996–1990 (RISBO, Rotterdam).
- Wilson, J.B., D.T. Ellwood and J. Brooks-Gunn: 1995, 'Welfare-to-work through the eyes of children', in P.L. Chase-Lansdale and J. Brooks-Gunn (eds.), Escape from Poverty (Cambridge University Press, New York).
- World Value Survey Group: 1994, World Values Survey, 1981–1984 and 1990–1993 (Institute for Social Research, ICPSR, Ann Arbor, MI).
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The benefits of frequent positive affect: Does happiness lead to success?
Lyubomirsky, S., King, L., & Diener, E. (2005) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.6.803 · Cited by 7,143
“For example, marriage (Mastekaasa, 1994), a comfortable income (Diener & Biswas-Diener, 2002), superior mental health (Koivumaa-Honkanen et al., 2004), and a long life (Danner, Snowdon, & Friesen, 2001) all covary with reports of high happiness levels.”
Self-citationPersonality, Culture, and Subjective Well-Being: Emotional and Cognitive Evaluations of Life
Diener, E., Oishi, S., & Lucas, R. E. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145056 · Cited by 3,802
“Diener & Biswas-Diener (2002) reviewed a number of studies that report correlations in the neighborhood of .60 to .70 between the wealth of nations and their mean levels of SWB.”
BackgroundSelf-citationHigh income improves evaluation of life but not emotional well-being
Kahneman, D., & Deaton, A. (2010) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1011492107 · Cited by 3,162
Beyond money: toward an economy of well-being
Diener, E., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2004) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00501001.x · Cited by 2,555
“Diener and Biswas-Diener (2002) found that this pattern did not occur in the majority of studies they reviewed.”
BackgroundInfluentialSelf-citationThe social context of well–being
Helliwell, J. F., & Putnam, R. D. (2004) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2004.1522 · Cited by 2,504
“…levels of economic development, income does indeed predict subjective well-being, at somewhat higher levels (say, above the median for OECD countries) material well-being appears to have a quite modest effect (Diener & Oishi 2000; Diener & Biswas-Diener 2002; Frey & Stutzer 2002; Easterlin 2003).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Diener, E., & Biswas-Diener, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign (US)
- Corresponding author
- Diener, Ed
- ORCID
- Diener, Ed
- Venue
- Social Indicators Research
- Published
- 2002-02
- Volume
- 57
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 119-169
- ISSN
- 0303-8300 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-0921
- OpenAlex
- W1735969924
- Cited by
- 1,555
- References
- 117
- Citations by year
- 2026: 56 · 2025: 79 · 2024: 99 · 2023: 99 · 2022: 80 · 2021: 87 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 79 · 2018: 69 · 2017: 85 · 2016: 72 · 2015: 74 · 2014: 88 · 2013: 69 · 2012: 64
- FWCI
- 38.51
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Social Indicators Research (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Income, Poverty, and Inequality
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Quality of Life Measurement
- Keywords
- subjective well-being, income, happiness, materialism, material desire, poverty, economic growth, basic needs, social norms, consumption, The Wealth of Nations
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
