The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Vitamin supplements and cancer risk: the epidemiologic evidence
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
(1994) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199404143301501 · Cited by 4,737
Effects of a combination of beta carotene and vitamin A on lung cancer and cardiovascular disease
Omenn, G. S., Goodman, G. E., Thornquist, M. D., Balmes, J., Cullen, M. R., Glass, A., Keogh, J. P., Meyskens, F. L., Valanis, B., Williams, J. H., et al. (1996) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199605023341802 · Cited by 3,638
Vegetables, Fruit, and Cancer Prevention
STEINMETZ, K. A., & POTTER, J. D. (1996) · Journal of the American Dietetic Association · doi:10.1016/s0002-8223(96)00273-8 · Cited by 2,118
Self-citationA Clinical Trial of Beta Carotene to Prevent Basal-Cell and Squamous-Cell Cancers of the Skin
Greenberg, E. R., Baron, J. A., Stukel, T. A., Stevens, M. M., Mandel, J. S., Spencer, S. K., Elias, P. M., Lowe, N., Nierenberg, D. W., Bayrd, G., et al. (1990) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199009203231204 · Cited by 482 · cited 1×
“Seven randomized clinical trials of vitamin supplements and cancer risk are summarized in Table 1.(22-29) With the exception of the Physicians’ Health Study,(27) these clinical trials were conducted among individuals at high risk of cancer at specific sites.”
BackgroundCase-Control Study of Malignant Melanoma in Washington State
White, E., Kirkpatrick, C. S., & Lee, J. A. H. (1994) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117092 · Cited by 152
Self-citationMicronutrients and cancer risk
Willett, W. (1994) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/59.5.1162s · Cited by 143
Cited by
Lee, I.-M., Cook, N. R., Gaziano, J. M., Gordon, D., Ridker, P. M., Manson, J. E., Hennekens, C. H., & Buring, J. E. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.294.1.56 · Cited by 1,137
Ascorbic acid: Chemistry, biology and the treatment of cancer
Du, J., Cullen, J. J., & Buettner, G. R. (2012) · Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Reviews on Cancer · doi:10.1016/j.bbcan.2012.06.003 · Cited by 1,070
Health effects of vegetables and fruit: assessing mechanisms of action in human experimental studies
Lampe, J. W. (1999) · The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/70.3.475s · Cited by 786
Biochemical basis and metabolic interplay of redox regulation
Zhang, L., Wang, X., Cueto, R., Effi, C., Zhang, Y., Tan, H., Qin, X., Ji, Y., Yang, X., & Wang, H. (2019) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2019.101284 · Cited by 308
Predictors of colorectal cancer screening participation in the United States
Ioannou, G. N., Chapko, M. K., & Dominitz, J. A. (2003) · The American Journal of Gastroenterology · doi:10.1111/j.1572-0241.2003.07574.x · Cited by 289
Metadata
- Authors
- Patterson, R. E., White, E., Kristal, A. R., Neuhouser, M. L., & Potter, J. D.
- Venue
- Cancer Causes & Control
- Published
- 1997-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 786-802
- ISSN
- 0957-5243 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7225
- OpenAlex
- W2082139762
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 6
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Vitamin supplements and cancer risk: the epidemiologic evidence. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1023/a:1018443724293
- The paper
- Patterson, R. E., White, E., Kristal, A. R., Neuhouser, M. L., & Potter, J. D. (1997). Vitamin supplements and cancer risk: the epidemiologic evidence. Cancer Causes & Control. https://doi.org/10.1023/a%3A1018443724293
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
