Role of the androgen receptor in human breast cancer.
Abstract
Although the androgen receptor (AR)3 is often co-expressed with the estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in human breast tumors, its role in breast cancer is poorly understood. Specific growth stimulatory and inhibitory actions of androgens have been described in human breast cancer cell lines. The mechanisms by which androgens exert these contrasting growth effects are unknown. A commonly utilized second line therapy for the treatment of advanced breast cancer is high dose medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Although MPA, a synthetic progestin, was thought to act exclusively through the PR, the androgenic side-effects observed in women taking MPA suggest that its action may also be mediated in part by the AR. In support of this hypothesis, the level of AR measured by radioligand binding in primary breast tumors was correlated with the duration of response to MPA treatment following failure of tamoxifen therapy. Recent data suggest that the presence of structurally altered AR in breast cancers may account for unresponsiveness to MPA in some of these cases. Further studies are warranted to determine the role of AR mediated pathways in regulating breast tumor growth. In particular, identification of androgen-regulated genes may lead to new possibilities for the hormonal treatment of breast cancer.
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AR plays a role in the beneficial effects of MPA in breast cancer in women.
“thus suggesting the role of AR in the beneficial effects of MPA in breast cancer in women (246, 247).”
From Endocrine and intracrine sources of androgens in women: inhibition of breast cancer and other roles of androgens and their precursor dehydroepiandrosterone (2003) · cites this paper as [246]
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- Authors
- Birrell, S. N., Hall, R. E., & Tilley, W. D.
- Affiliations
- Flinders University (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia
- Published
- 1998-01
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 95-103
- ISSN
- 1083-3021 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7039
- OpenAlex
- W1578641183
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 50
- Citations by year
- 2024: 3 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 7
- FWCI
- 1.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Estrogen and related hormone effects
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cancer Research › Breast Cancer Treatment Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Prostate Cancer Treatment and Research
- Keywords
- androgen receptor, breast cancer, medroxyprogesterone acetate, progestin resistance, tamoxifen resistance, androgen-regulated genes, hormone therapy, androgen receptor mutations, tumor growth control, estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor
- MeSH terms
- Breast Neoplasms, Female, Humans, Receptors, Androgen
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