Considerations on the astroglial architecture and the columnar organization of the cerebral cortex.
Open accessAbstract
Present knowledge on astroglial roles in brain organization and function indicates that these cells can regulate the extracellular ionic composition and modulate neuronal activity. In this regard, the "panglial synctium" formed by electrically and chemically coupled stellate astrocytes ("general mammalian" architecture) is believed to provide an intracellular pathway for the redistribution of ions and molecules within the cerebral cortex. Long astroglial interlaminar processes ("primate-specific" architecture) that run parallel to apical dendrites in the cerebral cortex of primates, may provide additional properties to the glial participation in cortical physiology and function. Since these processes are exclusively present within the primate order, functional models of cortical computations for these species should incorporate the astroglial interlaminar architecture in addition to the panglial synctium. This study analyzes possible implications of interlaminar astroglial processes, for the regulation of the extracellular ionic composition and segregation of functional columns in the cerebral cortex.
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Evidence supports a glial columnar organization, challenging the traditional perception of astrocytes as part of a horizontal cytoarchitecture forming a panglial syncytium.
“this new view of an active milieu in which the glia is as much fundamental as neurons is supported by evidence of a glial columnar organization, challenging the traditional perception of astrocytes as part of a horizontal cytoarchitecture forming a panglial syncytium”
From Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain (2024) · cites this paper as Hern’ et al., 2002
The Introduction and General Morphological Aspects of Interlaminar Glia describe vertical astroglial processes in primate cortex that challenge the conventional net-like panglial-syncytium model. But Possible Impact of Interlaminar Glia on Modular Function calls their role in columnar organization speculative, and the Conclusions say its functional effect remains unconfirmed. The claim overstates the evidence and omits the primate-cortex qualification; page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.84)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe formation of fascicules in a honeycomb pattern in tangential sections of the human brain suggests a role for ILAs in the columnization of Ca2+ waves around granular neurons, leading to cylindrical-like waves that follow the morphology of ILAs long processes.
“The formation of fascicules in a honeycomb pattern, visualized in tangential sections of the human brain (Colombo et al., 1998), suggests a role in the “columnization” of Ca2+ waves around granular neurons, leading to cylindrical-like waves that follow the morphology of ILAs long processes (Colombo and Reisin, 2004; Hern’ et al., 2002).”
From Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain (2024) · cites this paper as Hern’ et al., 2002
The Interlaminar Palisade section proposes that fasciculated interlaminar processes could generate cylindrical-like Ca²⁺ waves along their long processes and provide a columnar-like organization for tangential Ca²⁺ signals. It presents this as a hypothetical mechanism, not an observed effect, and does not locate the waves specifically around granular neurons. The citing sentence attributes the tangential-section observation to Colombo et al. (1998), rather than to this paper. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe ends of longer ILA processes are varicose-like, creating a club-ending that may increase membrane surface availability.
“The ends of the longer processes is also varicose-like, creating a club-ending that may increase membrane surface availability”
From Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain (2024) · cites this paper as Hern’ et al., 2002
Taken together, these data suggest a sensitivity of ILAs to stressful conditions.
“Taken together, these data suggest a sensitivity of ILAs to stressful conditions (Hern’ et al., 2002).”
From Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain (2024) · cites this paper as Hern’ et al., 2002
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Cites
Development and plasticity of cortical processing architectures
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Interlaminar Astroglial Processes in the Cerebral Cortex of Adult Monkeys But Not of Adult Rats
Colombo, J. A. (1996) · Cells Tissues Organs · doi:10.1159/000147790 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
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Research works printed but not linked: 4
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Phenotypic Heterogeneity and Plasticity of Isocortical and Hippocampal Astrocytes in the Human Brain
Sosunov, A. A., Wu, X., Tsankova, N. M., Guilfoyle, E., McKhann, G. M., & Goldman, J. E. (2014) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4037-13.2014 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Interlaminar and varicose-projection astrocytes: toward a new understanding of the primate brain
Ciani, C., & Falcone, C. (2024) · Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fncel.2024.1477753 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
- Authors
- Reisin, H. D., & Colombo, J. A.
- Affiliations
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (AR)
- Corresponding author
- Colombo, Jorge A.
- ORCID
- Colombo, Jorge A.
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology
- Published
- 2002-12
- Volume
- 22
- Issue
- 5-6
- Pages
- 633-644
- ISSN
- 0272-4340 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-6830
- PMC
- PMC11533786
- OpenAlex
- W95510559
- Cited by
- 31
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2014: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 0.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
- Fundación Bunge y Born
- Fondo para la Investigación Científica y Tecnológica
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Connexins and lens biology
- Keywords
- astrocytes, cerebral cortex, columnar organization, stellate astrocytes, primate cerebral cortex, cortical physiology
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Astrocytes, Cell Communication, Cerebral Cortex, Extracellular Space, Humans, Ions, Nerve Net, Synaptic Transmission, Neurons, Primates
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