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Peer Interaction and Loneliness in High-Functioning Children with Autism
Abstract
Social interaction with peers and the understanding and feelings of loneliness were examined in 18 high-functioning children with autism and 17 typically developing children matched for IQ, chronological age, gender, and maternal education. Observations were conducted on children's spontaneous social initiations and responses to their peers in natural settings such as recess and snack time, and children reported on their understanding and feelings of loneliness and social interaction. Overall, children with autism revealed a good understanding of both social interaction and loneliness, and they demonstrated a high level of social initiation. However, they spent only half the time in social interactions with peers compared with their matched counterparts, and they interacted more often with a typically developing child than with another special education child. Despite the intergroup differences in frequency of interaction, a similar distribution of interactions emerged for both groups, who presented mostly positive social behaviors, fewer low-level behaviors, and very infrequent negative behaviors. Children with autism reported higher degrees of loneliness than their typical age-mates, as well as a lower association between social interaction and loneliness, suggesting their poorer understanding of the relations between loneliness and social interaction. Research and practice implications of these findings are discussed.
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“For autistic students, achieving a sense of belonging in the university community may be a key challenge: social situations can be overwhelming but unavoidable, and socialising in different ways with peers can attract bullying or result in feelings of loneliness (Bauminger et al., 2003; Gurbuz et al., 2019).”
From Compassionate pedagogy for neurodiversity in higher education: A conceptual analysis (2023) · cites this paper as Bauminger et al., 2003
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Metadata
- Authors
- Bauminger, N., Shulman, C., & Agam, G.
- Affiliations
- Bar-Ilan University (IL)
- Hebrew University of Jerusalem (IL)
- Corresponding author
- Bauminger, Nirit
- ORCID
- Shulman, Cory
- Venue
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders
- Published
- 2003-10
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 489-507
- ISSN
- 0162-3257 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-3432
- OpenAlex
- W1481176509
- Cited by
- 495
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 21 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 45 · 2014: 29 · 2013: 30 · 2012: 24
- FWCI
- 1.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Bar-Ilan University
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Autism Spectrum Disorder Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
- Keywords
- autism spectrum disorder, high-functioning children, loneliness, peer interaction, social initiation, social understanding, typically developing children, social behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Analysis of Variance, Autistic Disorder, Child, Female, Humans, Interpersonal Relations, Loneliness, Male, Peer Group, Self-Assessment, Social Behavior
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