The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Perceived Parental Rearing Style, Self-Esteem and Self-Criticism as Predictors of Happiness
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Self-esteem, a component of self-concept, is linked to happiness.
“Research has found that self-esteem, a component of self-concept, is linked to happiness (Cheng and Furnham, 2004), high positive affect and low negative affect (Orth et al., 2012), and to lower levels of depression (Orth et al., 2009).”
From Self-concept, illness acceptance and depressive and anxiety symptoms in people with multiple sclerosis. (2021) · cites this paper as Cheng and Furnham, 2004
Citations
Cites
A parental bonding instrument.
Parker, G., Tupling, H., & Brown, L. B. (1979) · British Journal of Medical Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.2044-8341.1979.tb02487.x · Cited by 3,788
Emotional stability as a major dimension of happiness
Hills, P., & Argyle, M. (2001) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/s0191-8869(00)00229-4 · Cited by 320
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 64
- Argyle, M., M. Martin and J. Crossland: 1989, 'Happiness as a function of personality and social encounters', in J. Forgas and J. Innes (eds.), Recent Advances in Social Psychology: An International Perspective (Elsevier, North Holland).
- Argyle, M.: 1987, The Psychology of Happiness (Routledge, London).
- Argyle, M. and L. Lu: 1990, 'The happiness of extraverts', Personality and Individual Differences 11, pp. 1011–1017. · DOI
- Barber, B.: 1996, 'Parental psychological control: Revisiting a neglected construct', Child Development', 67, pp. 3296–3319. · DOI · Paper page
- Baron, R. and D. Kenny: 1986, 'The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical consideration', Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 51, pp. 1173–1182. · DOI · Paper page
- Baumrind, D.: 1968, 'Authoritarian versus authoratitive control', Adolescence 3, pp. 255–272.
- Baumrind, D.: 1971, 'Current patterns of parental authority', Developmental Psychology Monographs 4, Part I. · DOI
- Baumrind, D.: 1982, 'Reciprocal rights and responsibilities in parent-child relations', in J. Rubusters and B. Slife (eds.), Talking Sides: Clashing Views on Controversial Issues (Dushkin, Guilford, CO) pp. 237–244.
- Baumrind, D. and A. Brown: 1967, 'Socialization practices associated with dimensions of competence in preschool boys and girls', Child Development 38, pp. 291–327. · DOI
- Becker, W.C.: 1964, 'Consequences of different kinds of parental discipline', in M.L. Hoffman (ed), Review of Child Development Research (New York: Russell Sage) Vol 1, pp. 169–208.
- Bell, R. and M. Chapman: 1986, 'Child effects in studies using experimental or brief longitudinal approaches to socialization', Developmental Psychology 22, pp. 595–603. · DOI
- Blascovich, J. and J. Tomaka: 1991, 'Measures of self-esteem', in J.P. Robinson, P.R. Shaver and L.S. Wrightsman (eds.), Measures of Personality and Social Psychological Attitudes Vol 1 (Academic Press, INC. Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, New York). pp. 115–160. · DOI · Paper page
- Blatt, S.J., S.J. Wein, E. Chevron and D.M. Quinlan: 1979, 'Parental representations and depression in normal young adults', Journal of Abnormal Psychology 88, pp. 388–397. · DOI
- Bradburn, N.M.: 1969, The Structure of Psychological Well-being (Aldine, Chicago).
- Brebner, J., J. Donaldson, N. Kirby and L. Ward: 1995, 'Relationships between personality and happiness', Personality and Individual Differences 19, pp. 251–258. · DOI
- Brewin, C.R and D.A. Shapiro: 1984, 'Beyond locus of control: Attributions of responsibility for positive and negative outcomes', British Journal of Psychology 75, pp. 43–49. · DOI
- Brewin, C., B. Andrews and A. Furnham: 1996, 'Self-critical attitudes and parental criticism in young women', British Journal of Medical Psychology 69, pp. 69–78. · DOI
- Brewin, C.R., J. Firth-Cozens, A. Furnham and C. McManus: 1992, 'Self-criticism in adulthood and recalled childhood experience', Journal of Abnormal Psychology 101, pp. 561–566. · DOI
- Burback, D.J. and C.M. Borduin: 1986, 'Parent-child relations and the etiology of depression: A review of methods and findings', Clinical Psychology Review 6, pp. 133–153. · DOI
- Buri, R.J.: 1989, 'Self-esteem and appraisals of parental behaviour', Journal of Adolescent Research 4, pp. 133–149.
- Buri, J.: 1991, 'Parental authority questionnaire', Journal of Personality Assessment 57, pp. 110–119. · DOI
- Buri, J., P. Louiselle, T. Misukanis and R. Mueller: 1988, 'Effects of parental authoritarianism and authoritativeness on self-esteem', Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 14, pp. 271–282. · DOI
- Campbell, A.: 1981, The Sense of Well-Being in America: Recent Patterns and Trends (McGraw-Hill, New York).
- Canetti, L., E. Bachar, E. Galili-Weisstub, A.K. De-Nour and A.Y. Shalev: 1997, 'Parental bonding and mental health in adolescence', Adolescence 32, pp. 381–394.
- Cheng, H. and A. Furnham: 2001, 'Attributional style and personality as predictors of happiness and mental health', Journal of Happiness Studies 2, pp. 307–327. · DOI
- Cox, B., M. Enns and I. Clara: 2000, 'The parent bonding instrument: Confirmatory evidence for a three-factor model in a psychometric clinical sample and in the national comorbidity sample', Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 35, pp. 353–357. · DOI
- Diener, E.: 1984, 'Subjective well-being', Psychological Bulletin 95, pp. 542–575. · DOI · Paper page
- Eiser, C., R. Eiser, C. Town and J. Tripp: 1991, 'Discipline strategies and parental perception of preschool children with asthma', British Journal of Medical Psychology 64, pp. 45–53. · DOI
- Enns, M., B. Cox and D. Larsen: 2000, 'Perceptions of parental bonding and symptom severity in adults with depression', Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 45, pp. 263–268. · DOI
- Eysenck, M.: 1990, Happiness: Facts and Myths (LEA, London).
- Ferrari, J.R. and M.J. Olivetti: 1993, 'Perceptions of parental control and the development of indecision among late adolescent females', Adolescence 28, pp. 963–970.
- Francis, L., L. Brown, D. Lester and R. Philipchalk: 1998, 'Happiness is stable extraversion', Personality and Individual Differences 24, pp. 167–171. · DOI
- Francis, L., S. Jones and C. Wilcox: 2000, 'Religiosity and happiness: During adolescence, young adulthood, and later life', Journal of Psychology and Christianity 19, pp. 245–257.
- Furnham, A. and S. Adam-Saib: 2001, 'Abnormal eating attitudes and behaviours and perceived parental control', Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 36, pp. 462–470. · DOI
- Furnham, A. and C. Brewin: 1990, 'Personality and happiness', Personality and Individual Differences 11, pp. 1093–1096. · DOI
- Furnham, A. and H. Cheng: 1997, 'Personality and happiness', Psychological Reports 83, pp. 761–762. · DOI
- Furnham, A. and H. Cheng: 1999, 'Personality as predictors of mental health and happiness in the East and West', Personality and Individual Differences 27, pp. 395–403. · DOI
- Furnham, A. and H. Cheng: 2000, 'Perceived parental behaviour, selfesteem, and happiness', Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 35, pp. 463–470. · DOI
- Gerlsma, C., P.M.G Emmelkamp and W.A. Arrindell: 1990, 'Anxiety, depression and perception of early parenting: A meta-analysis', Clinical Psychology Review 10, pp. 251–277. · DOI
- Haapasalo, J.: 2001, 'How do young offenders describe their parents?', Legal and Criminological Psychology 6, pp. 103–120. · DOI
- Headey, B. and A. Wearing: 1991, 'A stock and flow model of subjective well-being', in F. Strack, M. Argyle and N. Schwartz (eds.), Subjective Well-Being (Pergamon Press, Oxford).
- Herz, L. and E. Gullone: 1999, 'The relationship between self-esteem and parenting style', Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology 30, pp. 742–761. · DOI
- Holden, G. and P. Miller: 1999, 'Enduring and different: A meta-analysis of the similarity in parents' child rearing', Psychological Bulletin 125, pp. 223–254. · DOI
- Hopkins, H. and H. Klein: 1995, 'Multidimensional self-perception: Linkages to parental nurturance', Journal of Genetic Psychology 154, pp. 465–473. · DOI
- Jackson, C., O.J. Bee Gates and L. Henrikson: 1994, 'Authoritative parenting, child competencies and initiation of cigarette smoking', Health Education Quarterly 21, pp. 103–116. · DOI
- Kaplan, J. and A. Pokorny: 1969, 'Self-derogation and psychosocial adjustments', Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases 149, pp. 421–434. · DOI
- Kitamura, T. and T. Suziki: 1993, 'Perceived rearing attitudes and minor psychiatric morbidity among Japanese adolescents', Japanese Journal of Psychiatry and Neurology 47, pp. 531–535.
- Klein, H., K. O'Bryant and H. Hopkins: 1996, 'Recalled parental authority style and self-perception in College women and men', Journal of Genetic Psychology 157, pp. 5–17. · DOI
- Leung, N., G. Thomas and G. Waller: 2000, 'The relationship between parental bonding and core beliefs in anorexic and bulimic women', British Journal of Clinical Psychology 39, pp. 205–213. · DOI
- Lewis, C.C.: 1981, 'The effects of parental firm controls: A reinterpretation of findings', Psychological Bulletin 90, pp. 547–563. · DOI
- McCrae, R. and P. Costa: 1993, 'The paradox of parental influence. Understanding retrospective studies of parent-child relations and adult personality', in C. Perris, A. Arrundel and V Eisemann (eds.), Parenting and Psychopathology (Wiley, New York).
- McCrae, R. and P. Costa: 1988, 'Recalled parent-child relations and adult personality', Journal of Personality 56, pp. 417–433. · DOI
- Murphy, E., C.R. Brewin and L. Silka: 1997, 'The assessment of parenting using PBI: Two or three factors?', Psychological Medicine 27, pp. 333–342. · DOI
- Paretti, P.O. and J.A. Staturm: 1984, 'Father-son inter-generational transmission of authoritarian paternal attitudes', Social Behaviour and Personality 12, pp. 85–89. · DOI
- Parker, G.: 1979, 'Reported parental characteristics of agoraphobics and social phobics', British Journal of Psychiatry 135, pp. 555–680. · DOI
- Parker, G.: 1993, 'Parental rearing style: Examining for links with personality factors for depression', Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology 28, pp. 97–100. · DOI
- Rodriguez, V.B., F. Canas, C. Bayon, B. Franco, M. Salvador, M. Graell and J. Santo-Domingo: 1996, 'Interpersonal factors in female depression', European Journal of Psychiatry 10, pp. 16–24.
- Rosenberg, M.: 1965, Society and the Adolescent Self-Image (Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ). · DOI · Paper page
- Rosenberg, M.: 1986, 'Self-concept from middle childhood through adolescence', in J. Suls and A.G. Greewald (eds.), Psychological Perspectives on Self (Erlbaum, Hildsale, NJ) pp. 107–136.
- Sato, T., T. Narita, S. Hirano, K. Kusunoki, K. Sakado and T. Uehara: 1999, 'Confirmatory factor analysis of the Parental Bonding Instrument in a Japanese population', Psychological Medicine 29, pp. 127–133. · DOI
- Schwartz, J.C. and H. Getter: 1980, 'Parental conflict and dominance in later adolescent maladjustment', Journal of Abnormal Psychology 89, pp. 573–580. · DOI
- Wilson, W.: 1967, 'Correlates of avowed happiness', Psychological Bulletin 67, pp. 294–306. · DOI
- Wright, L.S.: 1982, 'Parental permission to date and its relationship to drugs use and suicidal thoughts among adolescents', Adolescence 17, pp. 409–418.
- Zemore, R. and J. Rinholm: 1989, 'Vulnerability to depression as a function of parental rejection and control', Canadian Journal of Behavioural Science 21, pp. 364–376.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Does low self-esteem predict depression and anxiety? A meta-analysis of longitudinal studies.
Sowislo, J. F., & Orth, U. (2013) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/a0028931 · Cited by 2,123
Kiropoulos, L., Ward, N., & Rozenblat, V. (2021) · Journal of Health Psychology · doi:10.1177/1359105319871639 · Cited by 24
Metadata
- Authors
- Cheng, H., & Furnham, A.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Furnham, Adrian
- Venue
- Journal of Happiness Studies
- Published
- 2004-03
- Volume
- 5
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-21
- ISSN
- 1389-4978 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-7780
- OpenAlex
- W2079412173
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 2
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 4.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- Journal of Happiness Studies (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Johns Hopkins University
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- parental rearing style, self-esteem, self-criticism, happiness, maternal care, parental warmth, Parental Bonding Instrument, Oxford Happiness Inventory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review