Cited by 80Food Safety and HygieneSalmonella and Campylobacter epidemiologyNutrition, Health and Food Behavior

The DOI matches its Crossref record.

Awareness and Acceptance of Current Food Safety Recommendations During Pregnancy

Athearn, Prudence N., Kendall, Patricia A., Hillers, Virginia ‘Val’, Schroeder, Mary, Bergmann, Verna, Chen, Gang, Medeiros, Lydia C.·2004·Maternal and Child Health Journal

Abstract

Objectives To better understand pregnant women's food safety attitudes and beliefs that affect food selection, preparation and handling behaviors, sources of food safety information, motivators and barriers to adopting current recommendations, and preferences for receiving food safety materials. Methods Eleven focus groups were conducted with 69 women (57 pregnant and 12 less than 6 months postpartum). The Health Belief Model guided development of the moderator's guide. In the presence of each focus group, participants completed a food safety attitude/behavior questionnaire. Sessions were audiotaped, transcribed, and analyzed for common themes across and within groups. Results Most participants indicated moderate concern about food safety and had made some food handling or consumption changes since becoming pregnant; however, many were not following 7 of the 12 specific recommendations discussed. Further, there was resistance to change habits, especially for less well-known recommendations. The women assumed their food is safe, and wanted strong evidence regarding why they should change current practices. Common barriers included lack of prior awareness of most recommendations, no prior illness from implicated foods and the convenience, perceived health benefits of, and personal preference for many risky foods discussed. Participants wanted food safety information that was quick and easy to read, sufficiently thorough, and specifically targeted to pregnant women. Conclusions…

Overview

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1023/b:maci.0000037648.86387.1d

Cites

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Verification

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Citations

Cites

No references could be resolved yet.

Research works printed but not linked: 29

  1. Mead PS, Slutsker L, Dietz V, McCaig LF, Bresee JS, Shapiro C, Griffin PM, Tauxe RV. Food-related illness and death in the United States. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5:607–25. · DOI
  2. Altekruse SF, Cohen ML, Swerdlow DL. Emerging foodborne diseases. Emerg Infect Dis 1997;3:285–93. · DOI
  3. Gerba CP, Rose JB, Haas CN. Sensitive populations: Who is at the greatest risk? Int J Food Microbiol 1996;30:113–23. · DOI
  4. Szekeres-Bartho J. Endocrine regulation of the immune system during pregnancy. In: Chaouat G, editor. Immunology of pregnancy. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 1993:151–72.
  5. Smith JL. Foodborne infections during pregnancy. J Food Protect 1999;62:818–29. · DOI
  6. Silver HM. Listeriosis during pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol Survey 1998;53:737–40. · DOI
  7. Lorber B. Listeriosis. Clin Infect Dis 1997;24:1–11. · DOI
  8. Mylonakis E, Paliou M, Hohmann EL, Calderwood SB, Wing EJ. Listeriosis during pregnancy: A case series and review of 222 cases. Medicine 2002;81:260–9. · DOI
  9. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.Listeriosis outbreak associated with Mexican-style cheese-California. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1985;34(24):357–9.
  10. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Outbreak of listeriosis associated with homemade Mexican-style cheese-North Carolina, October-January 2001. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2001;50:560–2.
  11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multistate outbreak of listeriosis-United States, 1998. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 1998;47:1085–6.
  12. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Multistate outbreak of listeriosis-United States, 2000. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2000;49:1129–30.
  13. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Public health dispatch: outbreak of listeriosis-Northeastern United States, 2002. Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 2002;51:950–1.
  14. Smith JL. Long-term consequences of foodborne toxoplasmosis: Effects on the unborn, the immunocompromised, the elderly, and the immunocompetent. J Food Protect 1997;60:1595–611. · DOI
  15. Roll C, Schmid EN, Menken U, Hanssler L. Fatal Salmonella enteritidissepsis acquired prenatally in a premature infant. Obstet Gynecol 1996;88:692–3. · DOI
  16. Kaiser L, Allen L. Position of the American Dietetic Association: Nutrition and lifestyle for a healthy pregnancy outcome. J Am Dietet Assoc 2002;102:405–12. · DOI
  17. Kendall P, Medeiros LC, Hillers V, Chen G, DiMascola S. Food handling behaviors of special importance for pregnant women, infants and young children, the elderly and immunecompromised people. J Am Dietet Assoc 2003;103:1647–9. · DOI
  18. Rosenstock IM. The health belief model: Explaining health behavior through expectancies. In: Glanz K, Lewis FM, Rimer BK, editors. Health behavior and health education. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1990:39–62.
  19. Anderson AS. Pregnancy as a time for dietary change? Proc Nutr Soc 2001;60:497–504. · DOI
  20. Medeiros LC, Hillers V, Chen G, Bergman V, Kendall P, Schroeder M. Design and development of food safety knowledge and attitude scales for consumer food safety education. J Am Dietet Assoc 2004; 104: (in press). · DOI
  21. Krueger RA. Focus groups: A practical guide for applied research. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1988.
  22. Krueger RA. Focus group kit 6, Analyzing & reporting focus group results. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, 1998. · DOI
  23. Stewart DW, Shamdasani PN. Focus groups theory and practice. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 1990.
  24. Zeller RA. Combining qualitative and quantitative techniques to develop culturally sensitive measures. In: Ostrow DG, Kessler RC, editors. Methodological issues in AIDS mental health research. New York: Plenum Press, 1993:95–116.
  25. Murkoff H, Eisenberg A, Hathaway S. What to expect when you're expecting. New York: Workman Publishing, 2002.
  26. Taormina PJ, Beuchat LR, Slutsker L. Infections associated with eating seed sprouts: An international concern. Emerg Infect Dis 1999;5:626–34. · DOI
  27. Mohle-Boetani JC, Farrar JA, WernerSB, MinassianD, Bryant R, Abbott S, Slutsker L, Vugia DJ. Escherichia coliO157 and Salmonellainfections associated with sprouts in California, 1996-1998. Ann Intern Med 2001;135:239–47. · DOI
  28. Gettings MA, Kiernan NE. Practices and perceptions of food safety among seniors who prepare meals at home. J Nutr Educ 2001;33:148–54. · DOI
  29. Hague MA, Warren KE, Hunt MC, Kropf DH, Kastner CL, Stroda SL, Johnson DE. Endpoint temperature, internal cooked color, and expressible juice color relationships in ground beef patties. J Food Sci 1994;59:465–70. · DOI

Metadata

Authors
Athearn, P. N., Kendall, P. A., Hillers, V. ‘., Schroeder, M., Bergmann, V., Chen, G., & Medeiros, L. C.
Affiliations
  • Colorado State University (US)
  • Washington State University (US)
  • The Ohio State University (US)
Corresponding author
Kendall, Patricia A.
Venue
Maternal and Child Health Journal
Published
2004-09
Volume
8
Issue
3
Pages
149-162
ISSN
  • 1092-7875 (ISSN-L)
  • 1573-6628
OpenAlex
W1977790781
Cited by
80
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 3
FWCI
6.33
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Maternal and Child Health Journal (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • U.S. Department of Agriculture
  • Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Food Safety and Hygiene
  • Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Food Science › Salmonella and Campylobacter epidemiology
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Keywords
food safety, pregnancy, pregnant women, food safety attitudes, food handling behavior, Health Belief Model, barriers to behavior change, food safety information, postpartum women, food safety education, maternal nutrition
MeSH terms
Attitude, Awareness, Female, Food Preferences, Humans, Maternal Welfare, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Complications, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Nutrition Policy

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Awareness and Acceptance of Current Food Safety Recommendations During Pregnancy. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1023/b:maci.0000037648.86387.1d
The paper
Athearn, P. N., Kendall, P. A., Hillers, V. ‘., Schroeder, M., Bergmann, V., Chen, G., & Medeiros, L. C. (2004). Awareness and Acceptance of Current Food Safety Recommendations During Pregnancy. Maternal and Child Health Journal. https://doi.org/10.1023/b%3Amaci.0000037648.86387.1d