Health of the Implicit Association Test at Age 3

Greenwald, Anthony G., Nosek, Brian A.·2001·Experimental Psychology

Abstract

Abstract. Since its first publication in 1998, the Implicit Association Test (IAT) has been used repeatedly to measure implicit attitudes and other automatic associations. Although there have also been a few studies critical of the IAT, there now exists substantial evidence for the IAT's convergent and discriminant validity, including new evidence reported in several of the articles in this special issue. IAT attitude measures have often correlated only weakly with explicit (self-report) measures of the same associations. It therefore seems appropriate to conclude that the IAT assesses constructs that are often (but not always) distinct from the corresponding constructs measured by self-report.

Cites (2)

  1. Using the implicit association test to measure self-esteem and self-concept
    Greenwald, Anthony G., Farnham, Shelly D. · 2000 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  2. Performance on Indirect Measures of Race Evaluation Predicts Amygdala Activation
    Phelps, Elizabeth A., O'Connor, Kevin J., Cunningham, William A., Funayama, E. Sumie, Gatenby, J. Christopher, Gore, John C., Banaji, Mahzarin R. · 2000 · Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience

Show all 2 references

Cited by (29)

  1. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: I. An improved scoring algorithm.
    Greenwald, Anthony G., Nosek, Brian A., Banaji, Mahzarin R. · 2003 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  2. Understanding and using the Implicit Association Test: III. Meta-analysis of predictive validity.
    Greenwald, Anthony G., Poehlman, T. Andrew, Uhlmann, Eric Luis, Banaji, Mahzarin R. · 2009 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  3. Untitled work
    2003 · 10.1146/annurev.psych.54.101601.145225
  4. A meta-analysis on the correlation between the implicit association test and explicit self-report measures
    Hofmann, Wilhelm, Gawronski, Bertram, Gschwendner, Tobias, Le, Huy, Schmitt, Manfred · 2005 · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
  5. An inkblot for attitudes: Affect misattribution as implicit measurement.
    Payne, B. Keith, Cheng, Clara Michelle, Govorun, Olesya, Stewart, Brandon D. · 2005 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

See all 449

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Health of the Implicit Association Test at Age 3. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1026//0949-3946.48.2.85
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Greenwald, A. G., & Nosek, B. A. (2001). Health of the Implicit Association Test at Age 3. Experimental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1026//0949-3946.48.2.85

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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.