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Dimensionality and Norms of the Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale in a German General Population Sample
Abstract
This study analyzed the dimensionality of the German version of Rosenberg’s Self-Esteem scale (RSES) in a nationally representative population sample of 4,988 subjects (46.4% males; aged 14–92 years). Using confirmatory factor analysis, one- and two-dimensional models were tested. Results suggest that the RSES is a two-dimensional scale comprising the highly correlated components positive and negative self-evaluation, which constitute a unitary construct of global self-esteem at the second-order level. In order to obtain a more conclusive solution, an item response theory (IRT) analysis (partial credit model) was conducted. Results lend support to a one-dimensional view of the RSES. Furthermore, psychometric properties and norm values based on the representative sample are reported. Analyses revealed extremely high response probabilities for all items, as a consequence of which self-esteem cannot be differentiated at the upper end of the range.
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“The mean internal consistency in a German normal population is satisfactory with internal consistencies for all domains ranging from α = .76 to .88.”
From The more it is needed, the less it is wanted: Attitudes toward face-to-face intervention among depressed patients undergoing online treatment (2013) · cites this paper as [28]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Roth, M., Decker, O., Herzberg, P. Y., & Brähler, E.
- Affiliations
- Leipzig University (DE)
- Venue
- European Journal of Psychological Assessment
- Publisher
- Hogrefe Publishing Group
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 190-197
- ISSN
- 1015-5759 (ISSN-L)
- 2151-2426
- OpenAlex
- W2095534191
- Cited by
- 166
- References
- 30
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 7.19
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Journal of Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, self-esteem, dimensionality, global self-esteem, second-order construct, German version, reference values, item response theory, partial credit model, response probability, psychometric properties
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