The DOI matches its Crossref record; 81 of the 81 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Bringing physics to life at the submesoscale
Open accessAbstract
A common dynamical paradigm is that turbulence in the upper ocean is dominated by three classes of motion: mesoscale geostrophic eddies, internal waves and microscale three‐dimensional turbulence. Close to the ocean surface, however, a fourth class of turbulent motion is important: submesoscale frontal dynamics. These have a horizontal scale of O(1–10) km, a vertical scale of O(100) m, and a time scale of O(1) day. Here we review the physical‐chemical‐biological dynamics of submesoscale features, and discuss strategies for sampling them. Submesoscale fronts arise dynamically through nonlinear instabilities of the mesoscale currents. They are ephemeral, lasting only a few days after they are formed. Strong submesoscale vertical velocities can drive episodic nutrient pulses to the euphotic zone, and subduct organic carbon into the ocean's interior. The reduction of vertical mixing at submesoscale fronts can locally increase the mean time that photosynthetic organisms spend in the well‐lit euphotic layer and promote primary production. Horizontal stirring can create intense patchiness in planktonic species. Submesoscale dynamics therefore can change not only primary and export production, but also the structure and the functioning of the planktonic ecosystem. Because of their short time and space scales, sampling of submesoscale features requires new technologies and approaches. This paper presents a critical overview of current knowledge to focus attention and hopefully interest on the pressing scientific questions concerning these dynamics.
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Cited by
Mechanisms of Physical-Biological-Biogeochemical Interaction at the Oceanic Mesoscale
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Open ocean dead zones in the tropical North Atlantic Ocean.
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Intensification of Upper-Ocean Submesoscale Turbulence through Charney Baroclinic Instability
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Metadata
- Authors
- Lévy, M., Ferrari, R., Franks, P. J. S., Martin, A. P., & Rivière, P.
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 2012-07-27
- Volume
- 39
- Issue
- 14
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W1907224305
- Cited by
- 517
- References
- 81
- FWCI
- 15.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
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