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Cited by 217

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Global trends and annual releases of CCl3F and CCl2F2 estimated from ALE/GAGE and other measurements from July 1978 to June 1991

Cunnold, D. M., Fraser, P. J., Weiss, R. F., Prinn, R. G., Simmonds, P. G., Miller, B. R., Alyea, F. N., Crawford, A. J.·1994·Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres

Abstract

Thirteen years of Atmospheric Lifetime Experiment/Global Atmospheric Gases Experiment CCl 3 F and CCl 2 F 2 measurements at five remote, surface, globally distributed sites are analyzed. Comparisons are made against shipboard measurements by the Scripps Institution of Oceanography group and archived air samples collected at Cape Grim, Tasmania, since 1978. CCl 3 F in the lower troposphere was increasing at an average rate of 9.2 ppt/yr over the period July 1978 to June 1988. CCl 2 F 2 was increasing at an average 17.3 ppt/yr in the lower troposphere over the same period. However, between July 1988 and June 1991 the increases of CCl 3 F and CCl 2 F 2 in this region have averaged just 7.0 ppt/yr and 15.7 ppt/yr, respectively. The rate of increase has been decreasing 2.4 ppt/yr 2 and 2.9 ppt/yr 2 over this 3‐year period. Based on a recent scenario of the global releases of these compounds and using the new calibration scale SIO 1993, the equilibrium lifetimes are estimated to be and years for CCl 3 F and CCl 2 F 2, respectively. Using these lifetime estimates and a two‐dimensional model, it is estimated that global releases of these two chlorofluorocarbons in 1990 were 249±28×10 6 kg for CCl 3 F and 366±30×10 6 kg for CCl 2 F 2. It is also estimated that combined releases of these chlorofluorocarbons in 1990 were 21±5% less than those in 1986.

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Metadata

Authors
Cunnold, D. M., Fraser, P. J., Weiss, R. F., Prinn, R. G., Simmonds, P. G., Miller, B. R., Alyea, F. N., & Crawford, A. J.
Venue
Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres
Published
1994-01-20
Volume
99
Issue
D1
Pages
1107-1126
ISSN
0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2112044079
Cited by
217
References
1
FWCI
15.54
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

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CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Global trends and annual releases of CCl3F and CCl2F2 estimated from ALE/GAGE and other measurements from July 1978 to June 1991. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1029/93jd02715
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Cunnold, D. M., Fraser, P. J., Weiss, R. F., Prinn, R. G., Simmonds, P. G., Miller, B. R., Alyea, F. N., & Crawford, A. J. (1994). Global trends and annual releases of CCl3F and CCl2F2 estimated from ALE/GAGE and other measurements from July 1978 to June 1991. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres. https://doi.org/10.1029/93jd02715

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