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Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the unpolluted atmosphere: An important reservoir for nitrogen oxides
Abstract
Based on the measured atmospheric distributions of ethane and propane (at midlatitudes in the northern hemisphere) and a simplified mechanism for their oxidation, it is predicted that acetaldehyde, acetone, and PAN [CH 3 C(O)OONO 2] are ubiquitous components of the troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Average acetaldehyde concentrations (from ethane oxidation) of 22 parts per trillion (ppt), 3 ppt, and 7 ppt; average acetone concentrations (from propane oxidation) of 111 ppt, 15 ppt, and 3 ppt and average PAN concentrations of 17 to 34 ppt, 90 to 360 ppt, and 40 to 85 ppt are estimated for the lower troposphere (∼ 2 km), upper troposphere (∼ 9 km), and the lower stratosphere (∼ 15 km), respectively. These calculations suggest that in the troposphere, nitrogen oxides (NO x) contained in their organic form may be as much or more abundant as their inorganic form. This organic form of reactive nitrogen is in chemical equilibrium [CH 3 C(O)OONO 2 ⇄ CH 3 C(O)OO + NO s] with inorganic NO 2 and acts as reservoir of inorganic NO x. Measurement methods for PAN are currently available to verify these predicted results.
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Citations
Cited by
A large atomic chlorine source inferred from mid-continental reactive nitrogen chemistry
Thornton, J. A., Kercher, J. P., Riedel, T. P., Wagner, N. L., Cozic, J., Holloway, J. S., Dubé, W. P., Wolfe, G. M., Quinn, P. K., Middlebrook, A. M., et al. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature08905 · Cited by 652
The atmospheric chemistry of organic nitrates
Roberts, J. M. (1990) · Atmospheric Environment. Part A. General Topics · doi:10.1016/0960-1686(90)90108-y · Cited by 470
Atmospheric peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN): A global budget and source attribution
Fischer, E. V., Jacob, D. J., Yantosca, R. M., Sulprizio, M. P., Millet, D. B., Mao, J., Paulot, F., Singh, H. B., Roiger, A., Ries, L., et al. (2014) · Atmospheric chemistry and physics · doi:10.5194/acp-14-2679-2014 · Cited by 390
Self-citationJaffe, D. A., Honrath, R. E., Herring, J. A., Li, S. ‐., & Kahl, J. D. (1991) · Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres · doi:10.1029/91jd00065 · Cited by 42
Gaffney, J. S., & Marley, N. A. (2021) · ACS Earth and Space Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acsearthspacechem.1c00143 · Cited by 29
Metadata
- Authors
- Singh, H. B., & Hanst, P. L.
- Venue
- Geophysical Research Letters
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1981-08
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 941-944
- ISSN
- 0094-8276 (ISSN-L)
- 1944-8007
- OpenAlex
- W2075225653
- Cited by
- 380
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 12.77
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Singh, H. B., & Hanst, P. L. (1981). Peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN) in the unpolluted atmosphere: An important reservoir for nitrogen oxides. Geophysical Research Letters. https://doi.org/10.1029/gl008i008p00941
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