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Global empirical model of the Venus thermosphere
Abstract
Direct measurements of neutral CO 2, O, CO, N 2, He, and N densities from the Pioneer Venus Orbiter Neutral Mass Spectrometer are described in terms of a spherical harmonic representation (latitude and local time coordinates) of exospheric temperature and number densities at 150 km, using modified Bates temperature profiles. The exospheric temperatures are determined from the altitude variations of atomic oxygen. A global average temperature of 228°K is derived with a first harmonic variation of 57%. The altitude profiles are extended downward to 100 km by using empirical formulas to provide a transition through the turbopause region (simulating the effect of eddy diffusion and vertical flows) and matching entry probe density data. The model reflects the observed variations of temperature and density with the 10.7 cm radio flux index. For a given change in flux at the planet, the exospheric temperature on Venus changes by only 10% of the change seen in the terrestrial thermosphere.
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Cited by
Zonal mean temperature, pressure, zonal wind and geopotential height as functions of latitude
Fleming, E. L., Chandra, S., Barnett, J. J., & Corney, M. (1990) · Advances in Space Research · doi:10.1016/0273-1177(90)90386-e · Cited by 503
Thermal escape of carbon from the early Martian atmosphere
Tian, F., Kasting, J. F., & Solomon, S. C. (2009) · Geophysical Research Letters · doi:10.1029/2008gl036513 · Cited by 162
Atmospheric and water loss from early Venus
Kulikov, Y. N., Lammer, H., Lichtenegger, H. I. M., Terada, N., Ribas, I., Kolb, C., Langmayr, D., Lundin, R., Guinan, E. F., Barabash, S., et al. (2006) · Planetary and Space Science · doi:10.1016/j.pss.2006.04.021 · Cited by 146
Kulikov, Y. N., Lammer, H., Lichtenegger, H. I. M., Penz, T., Breuer, D., Spohn, T., Lundin, R., & Biernat, H. K. (2007) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/s11214-007-9192-4 · Cited by 139
Structure, luminosity, and dynamics of the Venus thermosphere
Fox, J. L., & Bougher, S. W. (1991) · Space Science Reviews · doi:10.1007/bf00177141 · Cited by 98
Metadata
- Authors
- Hedin, A. E., Niemann, H. B., Kasprzak, W. T., & Seiff, A.
- Venue
- Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
- Publisher
- American Geophysical Union (AGU)
- Published
- 1983-01
- Volume
- 88
- Issue
- A1
- Pages
- 73-83
- ISSN
- 0148-0227 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1964286174
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 18.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Global empirical model of the Venus thermosphere. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1029/ja088ia01p00073
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- Hedin, A. E., Niemann, H. B., Kasprzak, W. T., & Seiff, A. (1983). Global empirical model of the Venus thermosphere. Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics. https://doi.org/10.1029/ja088ia01p00073
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Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
