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Appalachian salients and recesses: Late Precambrian continental breakup and the opening of the Iapetus Ocean

Rankin, Douglas W.·1976·Journal of Geophysical Research
DOI 10.1029/jb081i032p05605
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Abstract

Appalachian salients (convex toward the craton) and recesses (concave toward the craton) are inherited from the initial breakup of a continental mass by the intersection of rift valleys radiating from triple junctions, beginning about 820 m.y. ago. The trace of axes of anticlinoria exposing crystalline rocks older than 1 b.y., here called the Blue-Green-Long axis after major Precambrian massifs, roughly coincides with the western margin of a series of late Precambrian water-filled graben. The rift system east of the axis probably did not open far enough to produce significant oceanic crust but, like the Triassic basins of a later opening cycle, was an initial stage in the opening of an ocean basin ultimately located still farther east. Although metamorphosed basalt is widely distributed along the Blue-Green-Long axis, known upper Precambrian or Eocambrian metamorphosed rhyolite is restricted to three salients: Mt. Rogers, Virginia; South Mountain, Pennsylvania; and the Sutton Mountains, Quebec, Canada. These rhyolites are per-alkaline in affinity, are constituents of basalt-rhyolite suites, and are associated near Mt. Rogers and South Mountain with consanguineous aegirine granite. Suggestions of failed-arm troughs or aulacogens are found at all three salients. The basal Cambrian clastic sequence is thickest near the Mt. Rogers and South Mountain salients. Basal conglomerates are coarsest near Mt. Rogers. Geophysical anomalies suggest an area of buried mafic igneous rocks proj…

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Authors
Rankin, D. W.
Venue
Journal of Geophysical Research
Publisher
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
Published
1976-11-10
Volume
81
Issue
32
Pages
5605-5619
ISSN
0148-0227
DOI
10.1029/jb081i032p05605
Cited by
142
References
0
Language
en
Licence
doi.wiley.com/10.1002/tdm_license_1.1 (tdm, 14174 d)

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