The real test bias: Influences of testing on teaching and learning.

Frederiksen, Norman·1984·American Psychologist
DOI 10.1037//0003-066x.39.3.193

Cited by (23)

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  3. The interplay of evidence and consequences in the validation of performance assessments
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  4. The Impact of Classroom Evaluation Practices on Students
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  5. The assessment of professional competence: Developments, research and practical implications
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How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The real test bias: Influences of testing on teaching and learning. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0003-066x.39.3.193
The paper
Frederiksen, N. (1984). The real test bias: Influences of testing on teaching and learning. American Psychologist. https://doi.org/10.1037//0003-066x.39.3.193

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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.