The assessment of professional competence: Developments, research and practical implications
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Improved alignment between assessment tasks and intended competencies supports stronger assessment with clearer differentiation between theoretical knowledge and practical competence.
“Improved alignment between assessment tasks and intended competencies supports stronger assessment with clearer differentiation between theoretical knowledge and practical competence, demonstrating how improved alignment yields more accurate evaluation of student capabilities [17,32].”
From Clinical assessment meets laboratory science: adapting OSCE methodology for authentic biosciences evaluation in the age of generative AI (2025) · cites this paper as [32]
Clinical expertise is founded on a broad fund of knowledge and effective memory networks that allow easy access to that knowledge.
“Such assessment research permits the conclusion that clinical expertise is founded on a broad fund of knowledge and effective memory networks that allow easy access to that knowledge.”
From Test-enhanced learning in medical education (2008) · cites this paper as [32]
The ability to solve problems is highly dependent on the knowledge on which the case is based, also known as case specificity.
“With further study, it became clear that the ability to solve problems was highly dependent on the knowledge on which the case was based ) also known as case specificity.32,37”
From Test-enhanced learning in medical education (2008) · cites this paper as [32]
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Assessing health professionals
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Towards a program of assessment for health professionals: from training into practice
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The Power of Subjectivity in the Assessment of Medical Trainees
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Peer assessment of professional competence
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Dolmans, D. H. J. M., & Tigelaar, D. E. H. (2012) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2011.595437 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Script concordance testing: a review of published validity evidence
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From authentic assessment to authenticity in assessment: broadening perspectives
Ajjawi, R., Tai, J., Dollinger, M., Dawson, P., Boud, D. J., & Bearman, M. (2023) · Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education · doi:10.1080/02602938.2023.2271193 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
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Programmatic assessment and Kane’s validity perspective
Schuwirth, L., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2011) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2011.04098.x · Cited by 165 · see citing works
The mechanism of impact of summative assessment on medical students’ learning
Cilliers, F. J., Schuwirth, L., Adendorff, H. J., Herman, N., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2010) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-010-9232-9 · Cited by 164 · see citing works
Technical Skills Assessment Toolbox
Ghaderi, I., Manji, F., Park, Y. S., Juul, D., Ott, M. C., Harris, I., & Farrell, T. M. (2014) · Annals of Surgery · doi:10.1097/sla.0000000000000520 · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Competencies for Interprofessional Collaboration
Bainbridge, L., Nasmith, L., Orchard, C., & Wood, V. I. (2010) · Journal of Physical Therapy Education · doi:10.1097/00001416-201010000-00003 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Barton, J. R., Corbett, S. S., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2012) · Gastrointestinal Endoscopy · doi:10.1016/j.gie.2011.09.053 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Problem Based Learning: An Introduction and Overview of the Key Features of the Approach
Newman, M. (2005) · Journal of Veterinary Medical Education · doi:10.3138/jvme.32.1.12 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Challenges in multisource feedback: intended and unintended outcomes
Sargeant, J., Mann, K., Sinclair, D., Van der Vleuten, C., & Metsemakers, J. (2007) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2007.02769.x · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Assessing the Quality of Clinical Teachers
Fluit, C. R. M. G., Bolhuis, S. M., Grol, R. P. T. M., Laan, R., & Wensing, M. (2010) · Journal of General Internal Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11606-010-1458-y · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Assessment of Clinical Skills With Standardized Patients: State of the Art Revisited
Swanson, D. B., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2013) · Teaching and Learning in Medicine · doi:10.1080/10401334.2013.842916 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Ottawa 2020 consensus statement for programmatic assessment – 1. Agreement on the principles
Heeneman, S., de Jong, L. H., Dawson, L. J., WILKINSON, T. J., Ryan, A., Tait, G. R., Rice, N. E., Torre, D. M., Freeman, A., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2021) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/0142159x.2021.1957088 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
A history of assessment in medical education
Schuwirth, L., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2020) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-020-10003-0 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Reconceptualizing Variable Rater Assessments as Both an Educational and Clinical Care Problem
Kogan, J. R., Conforti, L. N., Iobst, W. F., & Holmboe, E. S. (2014) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000221 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Problem-based learning versus lecture-based learning in postgraduate medical education
Smits, P. B. A., de Buisonjé, C. D., Verbeek, J. H. A. M., van Dijk, F. J. H., Metz, J. C. M., & ten Cate, O. (2003) · Scandinavian Journal of Work Environment & Health · doi:10.5271/sjweh.732 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Changing education, changing assessment, changing research?
Schuwirth, L., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2004) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2004.01851.x · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Student perceptions of assessment and feedback in longitudinal integrated clerkships
Bates, J., Konkin, J., Suddards, C., Dobson, S., & Pratt, D. (2013) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.12087 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Collins, J. (2006) · Radiographics · doi:10.1148/rg.262055145 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Manogue, M. R., McLoughlin, J., CHRISTERSSON, C. E., Delap, E., Lindh, C., Schoonheim‐Klein, M., & Plasschaert, A. (2011) · European Journal Of Dental Education · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0579.2011.00699.x · Cited by 142 · see citing works
The need for evidence in education
van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2000) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421590050006205 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
In-training assessment using direct observation of single-patient encounters: a literature review
Pelgrim, E. A. M., Kramer, A. W. M., Mokkink, H. G. A., van den Elsen, L., Grol, R. P. T. M., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2010) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-010-9235-6 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Rees, E. L., Hawarden, A. W., Dent, G., Hays, R., Bates, J., & Hassell, A. B. (2016) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2016.1158799 · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Key tips for teaching in the clinical setting
Burgess, A. W., van Diggele, C., Roberts, C., & Mellis, C. (2020) · BMC Medical Education · doi:10.1186/s12909-020-02283-2 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Best practices in summative assessment
Kibble, J. D. (2017) · AJP Advances in Physiology Education · doi:10.1152/advan.00116.2016 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Raupach, T., Brown, J., Anders, S., Hasenfuss, G. P., & Harendza, S. (2013) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-11-61 · Cited by 133 · see citing works
A new framework for designing programmes of assessment
Dijkstra, J., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., & Schuwirth, L. (2009) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-009-9205-z · Cited by 133 · see citing works
Boenink, A. D., Oderwald, A. K., de Jonge, P., van Tilburg, W., & Smal, J. A. (2004) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2004.01787.x · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Evaluation of high fidelity patient simulator in assessment of performance of anaesthetists
Weller, J. M., Bloch, M., Young, S., Maze, M., Oyesola, S., Wyner, J., Dob, D. P., Haire, K., Durbridge, J., Walker, T., et al. (2002) · British Journal of Anaesthesia · doi:10.1093/bja/90.1.43 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
The Top-Cited Articles in Medical Education
Azer, S. A. (2015) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000000780 · Cited by 126 · see citing works
Review of instruments for peer assessment of physicians
Evans, R., Elwyn, G. J., & Edwards, A. (2004) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.328.7450.1240 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Roberts, C., Walton, M., Rothnie, I., Crossley, J., Lyon, P., Kumar, K., & Tiller, D. (2008) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2008.03018.x · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Pusic, M. V., Pecaric, M. R., & Boutis, K. (2011) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0b013e3182178c3c · Cited by 120 · see citing works
Standardized or real patients to test clinical competence? The long case revisited
Wass, V., Jones, R. F., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2001) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00928.x · Cited by 120 · see citing works
A survey of medical students’ views about the purposes and fairness of assessment
Duffield, K. E., & Spencer, J. A. (2002) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2002.01291.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Schuwirth, L., & Ash, J. (2013) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2013.787140 · Cited by 118 · see citing works
Pedagogic benchmarks for information and communications technology in teacher education
Kirschner, P. A., & Davis, N. E. (2003) · Technology Pedagogy and Education · doi:10.1080/14759390300200149 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Lovegrove, C. E., Novara, G., Mottrie, A., Guru, K. A., Brown, M. D., Challacombe, B. J., Popert, R., Raza, S. J., van der Poel, H. G., Peabody, J. O., et al. (2015) · European Urology · doi:10.1016/j.eururo.2015.10.048 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Is the structure of anatomy curriculum adequate for safe medical practice?
Ahmed, K., Rowland, S. P., Patel, V., Khan, R. S., Ashrafian, H., Davies, D. C., Darzi, A. W., Athanasiou, T., & Paraskeva, P. A. (2010) · The Surgeon · doi:10.1016/j.surge.2010.06.005 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Yudkowsky, R., Otaki, J., Lowenstein, T., Riddle, J. M., Nishigori, H., & Bordage, G. (2009) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2009.03379.x · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Applying theory to practice in undergraduate education using high fidelity simulation
Morgan, P. J., Morgan, P. J., Cleave‐Hogg, D. M., Morgan, P. J., Cleave‐Hogg, D. M., DeSousa, S., Morgan, P. J., Cleave‐Hogg, D. M., DeSousa, S., Lam-McCulloch, J., et al. (2006) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421590600568488 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Acquisition of communication skills in postgraduate training for general practice
Kramer, A. W. M., Düsman, H., Tan, L., Jansen, J., Grol, R. P. T. M., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2004) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2923.2004.01747.x · Cited by 109 · see citing works
Assessment of professionalism: A consolidation of current thinking
Goldie, J. (2012) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.3109/0142159x.2012.714888 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Patel, V. L., Yoskowitz, N. A., & Arocha, J. F. (2008) · Advances in Health Sciences Education · doi:10.1007/s10459-007-9091-1 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Psychometric Evaluation of a Patient Safety Competency Self-Evaluation Tool for Nursing Students
Lee, N., An, J.-Y., Song, T.-M., Jang, H., & Park, S.-Y. (2014) · Journal of Nursing Education · doi:10.3928/01484834-20140922-01 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Imagery practice and the development of surgical skills
Hall, J. C. (2002) · The American Journal of Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0002-9610(02)01007-3 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Mink, R. B., Schwartz, A., Herman, B. E., Turner, D. A., Curran, M. L., Myers, A., Hsu, D. C., Kesselheim, J. C., & Carraccio, C. L. (2017) · Academic Medicine · doi:10.1097/acm.0000000000001820 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Psychometric properties of an instrument to measure the clinical learning environment
Boor, K., Scheele, F., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., Scherpbier, A. J. J. A., Teunissen, P. W., & Sijtsma, K. (2006) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2929.2006.02651.x · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Khalaf, K., El‐Kishawi, M., Moufti, M. A., & Kawas, S. A. (2020) · Medical Education Online · doi:10.1080/10872981.2020.1826861 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
The clinical skills resource: a review of current practice
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Discovering professionalism through guided reflection
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de Lima, A. A., Barrero, C., Baratta, S., Costa, Y. C., Bortman, G., Carabajales, J., Conde, D. G., Galli, A., Degrange, G., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2007) · Medical Teacher · doi:10.1080/01421590701352261 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Very‐short‐answer questions: reliability, discrimination and acceptability
Sam, A. H., Field, S. M., Collares, C. F., van der Vleuten, C. P. M., Wass, V., Melville, C. R., Harris, J., & Meeran, K. M. (2018) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.13504 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Summative OSCEs in undergraduate medical education.
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Assessing the patient safety competencies of healthcare professionals: a systematic review
Okuyama, A., Martowirono, K., & Bijnen, B. (2011) · BMJ Quality & Safety · doi:10.1136/bmjqs-2011-000148 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
When enough is enough: a conceptual basis for fair and defensible practice performance assessment
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Doctor performance assessment in daily practise: does it help doctors or not? A systematic review
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Wass, V., McGibbon, D., & van der Vleuten, C. P. M. (2001) · Medical Education · doi:10.1046/j.1365-2923.2001.00929.x · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Medical competence as a multilayered construct
ten Cate, O., Slattery, N., Cruess, R. L., Hamstra, S. J., Steinert, Y., & Sternszus, R. (2023) · Medical Education · doi:10.1111/medu.15162 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Education of tobacco use prevention and cessation for dental professionals - a paradigm shift
Davis, J., Ramseier, C. A., Mattheos, N., Schoonheim‐Klein, M., Compton, S. M., Al‐Hazmi, N., Polychronopoulou, A., Suvan, J. E., Antohe, M. E., Forna, D. A., et al. (2010) · International Dental Journal · doi:10.1016/s0020-6539(20)34039-9 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
The impact of entrustment assessments on feedback and learning: Trainee perspectives
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- Authors
- Van Der Vleuten, C. P. M.
- Venue
- Advances in Health Sciences Education
- Published
- 1996-01
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 41-67
- ISSN
- 1382-4996 (ISSN-L)
- 1573-1677
- OpenAlex
- W2132892830
- Cited by
- 1,247
- References
- 86
- Citations by year
- 2026: 47 · 2025: 50 · 2024: 56 · 2023: 43 · 2022: 69 · 2021: 64 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 59 · 2018: 68 · 2017: 49 · 2016: 52 · 2015: 66 · 2014: 75 · 2013: 71 · 2012: 48
- FWCI
- 8.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Advances in Health Sciences Education (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Innovations in Medical Education
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Competency Development and Evaluation
- Social Sciences › Education › Vocational Education and Training
- Keywords
- professional competence assessment, competency assessment, health professions education, assessment methods, practical implications
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