Child-rearing attitudes and behavioral inhibition in Chinese and Canadian toddlers: A cross-cultural study.

Chen, Xinyin, Hastings, Paul D., Rubin, Kenneth H., Chen, Huichang, Cen, Guozhen, Stewart, Shannon L.·1998·Developmental Psychology
DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.34.4.677

Abstract

Behavioral inhibition data were collected from samples of 2-year-olds from the People's Republic of China and Canada. Information on child-rearing attitudes and beliefs was obtained from mothers of the children. Chinese toddlers were significantly more inhibited than their Canadian counterparts. Inhibition was associated positively with mothers' punishment orientation and negatively with mothers' acceptance and encouragement of achievement in the Canadian sample. However, the directions of the relations were opposite in the Chinese sample; child inhibition was associated positively with mothers' warm and accepting attitudes and negatively with rejection and punishment orientation. The results indicated different adaptational meanings of behavioral inhibition across cultures.

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    Nigg, Joel T. · 2000 · Psychological Bulletin
  3. Social Withdrawal in Childhood
    Rubin, Kenneth H., Coplan, Robert J., Bowker, Julie C. · 2009 · Annual Review of Psychology
  4. Behavioral Inhibition: Linking Biology and Behavior within a Developmental Framework
    Fox, Nathan A., Henderson, Heather A., Marshall, Peter J., Nichols, Kate E., Ghera, Melissa M. · 2005 · Annual Review of Psychology
  5. Measurement of fine-grained aspects of toddler temperament: The Early Childhood Behavior Questionnaire
    Putnam, Samuel P., Gartstein, Maria A., Rothbart, Mary K. · 2006 · Infant Behavior and Development

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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Child-rearing attitudes and behavioral inhibition in Chinese and Canadian toddlers: A cross-cultural study. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0012-1649.34.4.677
The paper
Chen, X., Hastings, P. D., Rubin, K. H., Chen, H., Cen, G., & Stewart, S. L. (1998). Child-rearing attitudes and behavioral inhibition in Chinese and Canadian toddlers: A cross-cultural study. Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.34.4.677

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