Individual^group discontinuity as a function of fear and greed.

Insko, Chester A., Schopler, John, Hoyle, Rick H., Dardis, Gregory J.·1990·Journal of Personality and Social Psychology

Abstract

Two studies tested the schema-based distrust interpretation of the tendency of intergroup relations to be more noncooperative (or competitive) than interindividual relations. According to this interpretation, anticipated competitiveness rationally leads to noncooperativ eness or defensive withdrawal. Thus, the postulated motivation is fear of the other group's competitive intent. Study 1 was a nonexperimental investigation in which discussion of distrust of another group was assessed and correlated with the number of cooperative choices. As predicted, the greater the within-group discussion of distrust for the other group, the less the number of cooperative choices. Study 2 was an experimental investigation that included as independent variables intergroup versus interindividual relations and PDG matrix versus PDG-Alt matrix (PDG matrix plus a third Alt or withdrawal, choice producing intermediate outcomes regardless of the opponent's choice). As predicted, there were more withdrawal choices on the PDG-Alt matrix for groups than for individuals. However, it was still found that on the PDG-Alt matrix (where a safe withdrawal choice is possible), groups competed more than individuals.

Cites (4)

  1. Social psychology of intergroup relations
    Tajfel, H · 1982 · Annual Review of Psychology
  2. REMEMBERING: A STUDY IN EXPERIMENTAL AND SOCIAL PSYCHOLOGY
    Bartlett, F. C., Burt, Cyril · 1933 · British Journal of Educational Psychology
  3. Experiments in Intergroup Discrimination
    Tajfel, Henri · 1970 · Scientific American
  4. Provision of step-level public goods: Effects of greed and fear of being gypped
    Rapoport, Amnon, Eshed-Levy, Dalit · 1989 · Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes

Show all 4 references

Cited by (11)

  1. Intergroup Bias
    Hewstone, Miles, Rubin, Mark, Willis, Hazel · 2002 · Annual Review of Psychology
  2. Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes: A Meta-Analytic Review
    Riek, Blake M., Mania, Eric W., Gaertner, Samuel L. · 2006 · Personality and Social Psychology Review
  3. The general aggression model: theoretical extensions to violence
    DeWall, C. Nathan, Anderson, Craig A., Bushman, Brad J. · 2011 · Psychology of Violence
  4. Extending the Faultline Model to Geographically Dispersed Teams: How Colocated Subgroups can Impair Group Functioning
    Polzer, Jeffrey T., Crisp, C. Brad, Jarvenpaa, Sirkka L., Kim, Jerry W. · 2006 · Academy of Management Journal
  5. Intergroup conflict: individual, group, and collective interests
    Bornstein, Gary · 2003 · Personality and Social Psychology Review

See all 233

How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Individual^group discontinuity as a function of fear and greed. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0022-3514.58.1.68
The paper
Insko, C. A., Schopler, J., Hoyle, R. H., & Dardis, G. J. (1990). Individual^group discontinuity as a function of fear and greed. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0022-3514.58.1.68

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.