There's more to touch than meets the eye: The salience of object attributes for haptics with and without vision.

Abstract

The availability and salience of object attributes under haptic exploration, with and without vision, were assessed by two tasks in which subjects orted objects that varied factorially in size, shape, texture, and hardness. In the directed-discrimination ask, sub-jeets were instructed to sort along a particular dimension. Although levels on all dimen-sions were easily discriminated, shape was relatively less so for haptic explorers without vision, as was hardness for those using vision and haptics. Size was least discriminable for both groups. In thefiee-sorting task, subjects were to sort objects by similarity. Three groups used haptic exploration only; these were differentiated by the experimenters' definition of object similarity: unbiased haptics (no particular definition of similarity), haptically biased hapties (similarity = objects feel similar), haptics plus visual imagery (similarity = objects ' visual inmges are similar). A fourth group used vision as well as haptics, with instructions like those of the unbiased haptics group. Dimensional salience was measured by the extent o which levels on a dimension were differentiated in free sorting (more differentiation i dicating higher salience). The unbiased haptics and hapti-cally biased haptics groups were highly similar; both found the substance dimensions

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