The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Integration of the cognitive and the psychodynamic unconscious
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Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“the implicit system is highly contextual and only changes in an enduring way after considerable time, effort, and / or intensity of experience.”
From Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: A prejudice habit-breaking intervention (2012) · cites this paper as Epstein, 1994
In the citing paper
“some general dual-process theories in psychology (e.g., Epstein, 1994; Smith & DeCoster, 2000; Strack & Deutsch, 2004) suggest that such reductions are likely to be highly contextual and short-lived.”
From Long-term reduction in implicit race bias: A prejudice habit-breaking intervention (2012) · cites this paper as Epstein, 1994
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The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The emotional dog and its rational tail: A social intuitionist approach to moral judgment.
Haidt, J. (2001) · Psychological Review · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.108.4.814 · Cited by 8,048
“These contrasts are discussed in Bruner (1986), Chaiken (1980), Epstein (1994), Freud (1900/1976), Margolis (1987), Metcalfe and Mischel (1999), Petty and Cacioppo (1986), Posner and Snyder (1975), Pyszczynski and Greenberg (1987), Reber (1993), Wegner (1994), T. D. Wilson (in press), and Zajonc…”
BackgroundA perspective on judgment and choice: mapping bounded rationality.
Kahneman, D. (2003) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.58.9.697 · Cited by 5,540
“Variations on this theme of anchoring on intuition are common in the literature (Epley & Gilovich, 2002; Epstein, 1994; Gilbert, 2002; Griffin & Tversky, 1992; Haidt, 2001; Hammond, 2000; Sloman, 2002; Wilson, 2000; Wilson, Centerbar, & Brekke, 2002).”
BackgroundCognitive Reflection and Decision Making
Frederick, S. (2005) · Journal of Economic Perspectives · doi:10.1257/089533005775196732 · Cited by 5,256
Dual-Processing Accounts of Reasoning, Judgment, and Social Cognition
Evans, J. S. B. T. (2008) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.59.103006.093629 · Cited by 5,137
“Fodor (1983, 2001) Input modules Higher cognition Schneider & Schiffrin (1977) Automatic Controlled Epstein (1994), Epstein & Pacini (1999) Experiential Rational Chaiken (1980), Chen & Chaiken (1999) Heuristic Systematic Reber (1993), Evans & Over (1996) Implicit/tacit Explicit Evans (1989, 2006)…”
BackgroundInfluentialMaking sense of implementation theories, models and frameworks
Nilsen, P. (2015) · Implementation Science · doi:10.1186/s13012-015-0242-0 · Cited by 4,447
“Theories such as the Cognitive Continuum Theory [85], the NoviceExpert Theory [86], the Cognitive-Experiential Self-Theory [87] and habit theories (e.”
Method
Metadata
- Authors
- Epstein, S.
- Corresponding author
- Epstein, Seymour
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 709-724
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W4320300817
- Cited by
- 2,883
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 80 · 2025: 90 · 2024: 69 · 2023: 100 · 2022: 124 · 2021: 145 · 2020: 161 · 2019: 148 · 2018: 133 · 2017: 120 · 2016: 133 · 2015: 137 · 2014: 139 · 2013: 131 · 2012: 123
- FWCI
- 33.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Jungian Analytical Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychology and Mental Health
- Keywords
- unconscious, cognitive unconscious, psychoanalytic theory
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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