A prospective study of psychophysiological arousal, acute stress disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder.
Abstract
This study investigated the role of acute arousal in the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Hospitalized motor-vehicle-accident survivors (n = 146) were assessed for acute stress disorder (ASD) within 1 month of the trauma and were reassessed (n = 113) for PTSD 6 months posttrauma. Heart rate (HR) and blood pressure (BP) were assessed on the day of hospital discharge. Participants with subclinical ASD had higher HR than those with ASD and no ASD. Participants who developed PTSD had higher HR in the acute posttrauma phase than those without PTSD. Diagnosis of ASD and resting HR accounted for 36% of the variance of the number of PTSD symptoms. A formula composed of a diagnosis of ASD or a resting HR of > 90 beats per minute possessed strong sensitivity (88%) and specificity (85%) in predicting PTSD. These findings are discussed in terms of acute arousal and longer term adaptation to trauma.
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Support for the hypothesis that dissociation during trauma reduces distress and physiological arousal is inconsistent.
“although support for this hypothesis is inconsistent (Bryant, Harvey, Guthrie, & Moulds, 2000; Fikretoglu et al., 2006; Griffin, Resick, & Mechanic, 1997; Kaufman et al., 2002; Nixon & Bryant, 2005).”
From Dissociation and memory fragmentation in post-traumatic stress disorder: An evaluation of the dissociative encoding hypothesis (2012) · cites this paper as Bryant, Harvey, Guthrie, & Moulds, 2000
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References 24 · Cited by 328
- Authors
- Bryant, R. A., Harvey, A. G., Guthrie, R. M., & Moulds, M. L.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2000-05
- Volume
- 109
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 341-344
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2014845285
- Cited by
- 328
- References
- 24
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 16.17
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Keywords
- post-traumatic stress disorder, acute stress disorder, psychophysiological arousal, heart rate, blood pressure, motor vehicle accidents, trauma survivors, PTSD prediction, PTSD symptom severity
- MeSH terms
- Accidents, Traffic, Acute Disease, Adaptation, Psychological, Adolescent, Adult, Arousal, Blood Pressure, Female, Heart Rate, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Prospective Studies, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychophysiology, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Stress, Psychological, Trauma Severity Indices, Survivors
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