Ten-year stability of personality disorders among outpatients with mood disorders.
Abstract
One of the core propositions in most clinical and descriptive models of personality disorders (PDs) is that these conditions are stable over time. However, the available empirical literature suggests that PDs are far less stable than these models imply. The present study examines the 10-year stability of PDs in a sample of depressed outpatients who were assessed for the full range of Axis II conditions across 5 assessments. Three primary issues are addressed: (a) the stability of categorical PD diagnoses, (b) the relative stability of dimensional PD traits, and (c) the absolute stability of PD traits. The stability of PD diagnoses was poor to fair, and the stability of dimensional PD traits was fair to moderate. Growth curve analyses revealed complex patterns of change in absolute scores for PD traits across the 10-year interval. Stability of PDs was generally comparable to that of anxiety disorder diagnoses and normal personality traits.
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Age is a likely moderator of outcome in NPD, as younger samples have shown slightly more improvement.
“Age (80–82) is a likely moderator of outcome, as younger samples have shown slightly more improvement (82).”
From Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Progress in Understanding and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [81]
Studies have documented the persistence of narcissistic pathology, even among patients who improve symptomatically.
“Overall, studies (Table 2) (76–83) have documented the persistence of narcissistic pathology, even among patients who improve symptomatically.”
From Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Progress in Understanding and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as [81]
In Durbin and Klein (2006), a prospective 10-year study found a stable course for dimensional diagnosis of narcissistic personality disorder.
“Durbin and Klein, 2006 ( 81 ) 18–60 27.5:72.5 Prospective/142 10 NPD dimensional diagnosis: stable course”
From Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Progress in Understanding and Treatment (2022) · cites this paper as Durbin and Klein, 2006 ( 81 )
Dimensional traits show higher stability than distinct categories.
“suggesting higher stability for dimensional traits rather than for distinct categories (20–22).”
From Prevalence and 10-year stability of personality disorders from adolescence to young adulthood in a high-risk sample (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
In depressed outpatients over a 10-year follow-up, rank-order stability was low to fair for categorical PD diagnoses, while rank-order stability for dimensional PD traits was fair to moderate.
“Durbin and Klein (20) confirmed these findings by showing that rank-order stability was low to fair for categorical PD diagnoses over a 10-year follow-up in depressed outpatients, while rank-order stability for dimensional PD traits was fair to moderate.”
From Prevalence and 10-year stability of personality disorders from adolescence to young adulthood in a high-risk sample (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
Self-report questionnaires tend to show relatively higher stability than clinical interviews.
“Self-report questionnaires tend to show a relatively higher stability than clinical interviews (20, 24).”
From Prevalence and 10-year stability of personality disorders from adolescence to young adulthood in a high-risk sample (2022) · cites this paper as [20]
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References 33 · Cited by 63
- Authors
- Durbin, C. E., & Klein, D. N.
- Affiliations
- Northwestern University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology
- Published
- 2006-02
- Volume
- 115
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 75-84
- ISSN
- 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1846
- OpenAlex
- W2149578121
- Cited by
- 63
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 3.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH045757)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Mental Health Research Topics
- Keywords
- personality disorders, long-term stability, mood disorders, depression, outpatients, longitudinal change, growth curve analysis
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Ambulatory Care, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Assessment, Personality Disorders, Severity of Illness Index, Mood Disorders, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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