Cited by 135Statistical Methods in Clinical TrialsPsychology Research and BibliometricsMeta-analysis and systematic reviews

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How “blind” are double-blind studies?

Margraf, Jürgen, Ehlers, Anke, Roth, Walton T., Clark, Duncan B., Sheikh, Javaid, Agras, W. Stewart, Taylor, C. Barr·1991·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology

DOI 10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.184

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Abstract

Psychopharmacological studies usually attempt to eliminate "nonspecific" influences on outcome by double-blind designs. In a randomized, double-blind comparison of alprazolam, imipramine, and placebo, the great majority of panic disorder patients (N = 59) and their physicians were able to rate accurately whether active drug or placebo had been given. Moreover, physicians could distinguish between the two types of active drugs. Inasmuch as correct rating was possible halfway through treatment, concerns about the internal validity of the double-blind strategy arise.

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Authors: Margraf, J., Ehlers, A., Roth, W. T., Clark, D. B., Sheikh, J., Agras, W. S., & Taylor, C. B.
ORCID: Margraf, Jürgen
Ehlers, Anke
Clark, Duncan B.
Sheikh, Javaid
Agras, W. Stewart
Taylor, C. Barr
Venue: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1991
Volume: 59
Issue: 1
Pages: 184-187
ISSN: 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
1939-2117
DOI: 10.1037/0022-006x.59.1.184
OpenAlex: W4242987884
Cited by: 135
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 7
FWCI: 4.02
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Public Health Service (40118)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Statistical Methods in Clinical Trials
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychology Research and Bibliometrics
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty › Meta-analysis and systematic reviews
Keywords: double-blind study, blinding, placebo effect, research bias
MeSH terms: Adult, Alprazolam, Anxiety Disorders, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Imipramine, Male, Middle Aged, Panic, Placebos, Psychotherapy

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