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The relationship of self-reported distress to depressive disorders and other psychopathology
Abstract
The relationship between self-reported depression and a clinical diagnosis of depression was investigated. Within 2 weeks of completing the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), a stratified sample of 425 primary medical care patients received the structured interview for the DSM-III-R. In the weighted data set, the CES-D was significantly related to a diagnosis of depression but also to other Axis I disorders. Most distressed subjects were not depressed, a fifth of the patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) had low distress, and the CES-D performed as well in detecting anxiety as in detecting depression. MDD, other depression diagnoses, and anxiety and substance use disorders were all significant predictors of CES-D score. Differences in demographic variables, treatment history, and impairment highlight the nonequivalence of the self-report scale and diagnosable depression. The use of a self-report in place of an interview-based diagnostic measure in the study of depression, as well as the use of such a report as a screening device, is discussed.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Fechner-Bates, S., Coyne, J. C., & Schwenk, T. L.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1994
- Volume
- 62
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 550-559
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W2054700728
- Cited by
- 273
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 15.21
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01-MH4376)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Keywords
- self-reported distress, depressive disorders, major depressive disorder, CES-D, psychopathology, anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, Axis I disorders, screening, diagnostic validity, DSM-III-R
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Patient Care Team, Personality Assessment, Personality Inventory, Primary Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Reproducibility of Results
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