The DOI matches its Crossref record; 5 of the 5 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Frightening maternal behavior linking unresolved loss and disorganized infant attachment.
Abstract
Main and Hesse's (1990) model in which frightening (threatening, frightened, or dissociated) parental behavior explains why infants Of parents with unresolved loss develop disorganized attachment relationships was tested. Unresolved loss using the Adult Attachment Interview in a nonclinical middle-class sample of 85 mothers who had experienced the loss of someone important was assessed. Disorganized attachment was examined in the Strange Situation. Parental behavior was recorded during 2 2-hr home visits. The model applied to mothers with currently insecure attachment representations. Secure mothers with unresolved loss displayed less frightening behavior than other mothers, and unresolved loss in secure mothers did not predict disorganized attachment of their infants. Frightening behavior predicted infant disorganized attachment irrespective of maternal security.
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In the citing paper
“Given that frightening parental behavior has been identified as a predictor of disorganized attachment (Schuengel et al, 1999), it seemed particularly important to help parents not engage in behavior that might be threatening.”
From Enhancing Attachment Organization Among Maltreated Children: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial (2012) · cites this paper as Schuengel, Bakermans-Kranenburg, & van IJzendoorn, 1999
In the citing paper
“with frightening parental behavior associated with disorganized attachment (Schuengel et al., 1999).”
From Enhancing Attachment Organization Among Maltreated Children: Results of a Randomized Clinical Trial (2012) · cites this paper as Schuengel et al., 1999
In the citing paper
“Frightening and anomalous maternal behavior confers profound risk to the parent-infant attachment relationship (Schuengel et al., 1999).”
From Approaching the biology of human parental attachment: Brain imaging, oxytocin and coordinated assessments of mothers and fathers (2014) · cites this paper as Schuengel et al., 1999
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Items 401–420 of 420
(2011) · Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht eBooks · doi:10.13109/9783666451263.422
Individual Variations in Attachment
Forslund, T., & Granqvist, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_1959
Lockman, J. J., & Tamis‐LeMonda, C. S. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108351959.030
Disorganized Attachment and Reactive Attachment Disorder
Forslund, T., & Granqvist, P. (2021) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_1962
L'attaccamento va in tribunale: protezione e affidamento dei minori
Forslund, T. (2022) · QUADERNI DI PSICOTERAPIA COGNITIVA · doi:10.3280/qpc50-2022oa14082
Evidence for measurement of overlap between Autism Spectrum Disorder and Attachment Disorder
Davies, J. (2022) · Cronfa (Swansea University) · doi:10.23889/suthesis.61190
Impact of Parental Representations and Related Parenting Behavior On Children
ÖZTÜRK, C., & Güzel, H. Ş. (2023) · Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry · doi:10.18863/pgy.1137385
Basiaga, J., & Łojan, A. (2022) · Family Upbringing · doi:10.61905/wwr/170349
Stephen Ministry: carrying each other’s burdens
Goodman, G. (2024) · Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19349637.2024.2343324
Differential Susceptibility to Environmental Influences
Satoshi Kanazawa, A. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009363914.013
Bakermans‐Kranenburg, M. J., & van IJzendoorn, M. H. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009363914.014
Self-citationBehrens, K. Y. (2026) · Psychoanalytic Inquiry · doi:10.1080/07351690.2025.2609524
From the cushion to the couch: is Spiritual Direction appropriate for everyone?
Goodman, G. (2026) · Journal of Spirituality in Mental Health · doi:10.1080/19349637.2026.2669944
Bauer, M., & Soubelet, A. (2026) · Neuropsychiatrie de l Enfance et de l Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.neurenf.2026.04.002
Associations between infant social withdrawal and disorganized attachment
Stuart, A. C., Røhder, K., Reijman, S., Egmose, I., Smith‐Nielsen, J., Madsen, E. B., Wendelboe, K. I., & Væver, M. S. (2026) · European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1007/s00787-026-03057-9
Regis, T. M., da Silva, H. C., Azevedo, J. B., Melani, M., Lobo, I., & Berger, W. (2026) · Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria · doi:10.1590/0047-2085-2025-0087
Psychotraumatisme en protection de l'enfance : quand l'attachement est traumatisé
Toussaint, E., & Tandonnet, L. (2026) · Perspectives Psy · doi:10.1051/ppsy/2026001
Pereira, D., Abreu, J., Costa, P., & Pocinho, M. M. F. D. D. (2026) · Behavioral Sciences · doi:10.3390/bs16091666
Schore, A. N. (2001) · Infant Mental Health Journal · doi:10.1002/1097-0355(200101/04)22:1
Metadata
- Authors
- Schuengel, C., Bakermans-Kranenburg, M. J., & Van IJzendoorn, M. H.
- ORCID
- Schuengel, Carlo
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 1999
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 54-63
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- OpenAlex
- W4322703294
- Cited by
- 419
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 71 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 21 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 30.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Maternal Mental Health During Pregnancy and Postpartum
- Keywords
- unresolved loss, disorganized attachment, maternal behavior, Adult Attachment Interview, Strange Situation, mothers, loss of a loved one, attachment security
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