What do students learn while solving mathematics problems?
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The goal-free effect assumption is supported by empirical research in a variety of experimental contexts.
“In practice, this assumption is supported by empirical research in a variety of experimental contexts (Ayres, 1993; Bobis et al., 1994; Owen & Sweller, 1985; Vollmeyer et al., 1996).”
From Does difficulty moderate learning? A comparative analysis of the desirable difficulties framework and cognitive load theory (2025) · cites this paper as Owen & Sweller, 1985
The citation lists haven’t been fetched yet
References 15 · Cited by 206
- Authors
- Owen, E., & Sweller, J.
- Affiliations
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- ORCID
- Sweller, John
- Venue
- Journal of Educational Psychology
- Published
- 1985
- Volume
- 77
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 272-284
- ISSN
- 0022-0663 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2176
- OpenAlex
- W1979183780
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 15
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 7.42
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Educational Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Applied Mathematics › Mathematics Education and Pedagogy
- Social Sciences › Education › Mathematics Education and Teaching Techniques
- Physical Sciences › Mathematics › Statistics and Probability › Cognitive and developmental aspects of mathematical skills
- Keywords
- mathematical problem solving, student learning, mathematics education, cognitive processes in problem solving
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
