The DOI matches its Crossref record; 2 of the 2 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Is the startle reaction an emotion
Overview
Integrity signals
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Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Our findings extend these results using disgust films, a stimulus that is more clearly emotional than the acoustic startle, which is thought to exist on the boundary between emotion and reflex (Ekman, Friesen, & Simons, 1985).”
From Cardiovascular costs of emotion suppression cross ethnic lines. (2008) · cites this paper as Ekman, Friesen, & Simons, 1985
Citations
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The publisher hasn’t deposited this paper’s reference list.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
An argument for basic emotions
Ekman, P. (1992) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699939208411068 · Cited by 9,646
Self-citationDePaulo, B. M., Lindsay, J. J., Malone, B. E., Muhlenbruck, L., Charlton, K., & Cooper, H. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.74 · Cited by 2,479
Unconscious facial reactions to emotional facial expressions
Dimberg, U., Thunberg, M., & Elmehed, K. (2000) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00221 · Cited by 1,788
The Duchenne smile: Emotional expression and brain physiology: II.
Ekman, P., Davidson, R. J., & Friesen, W. V. (1990) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.58.2.342 · Cited by 1,371
“Ekman & Friesen, 1976; Ekman et al., 1980; Ekman, Friesen, & Simons, 1985; Ekman et al., 1988; Fox & Davidson, 1988; Krause et al., 1989; Ruch, 1987; Steiner, 1986).”
Self-citationBP4D-Spontaneous: a high-resolution spontaneous 3D dynamic facial expression database
Zhang, X., Yin, L., Cohn, J. F., Canavan, S., Reale, M., Horowitz, A., Liu, P., & Girard, J. M. (2014) · Image and Vision Computing · doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2014.06.002 · Cited by 745
“Following the previous work [16, 48–50], Table 11 shows amapping between AU(s) and the hypothetical emotion.”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Ekman, P., Friesen, W. V., & Simons, R. C.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1985
- Volume
- 49
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1416-1426
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W4230471314
- Cited by
- 202
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 1.66
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Emotions and Moral Behavior
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- startle response, emotions, emotional arousal, physiological responses
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