The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Context-dependent automatic processing in depression: accessibility of negative constructs with regard to self but not others
Abstract
The existence of automatic negative self-referential thought in depression was examined by using the concurrent memory load paradigm. Depressed and nondepressed subjects judged each of a series of depressed- and nondepressed-content adjectives as to its descriptiveness of the self or of the average other person. While making each judgment, some subjects held six digits in working memory, whereas the remaining subjects had no concurrent memory load. We found that the memory load manipulation resulted in a reliably smaller increase in depressed subjects' self-referential judgment latencies for depressed content than for nondepressed content, with the reverse being true of nondepressed subjects. For all subjects, however, the load effect on other-referential judgment latencies was smaller for nondepressed-content adjectives than for depressed-content adjectives. The results suggest an automatic, unintentional component in the depressed person's use of negative social constructs in self-perception but not in other-perception, indicating a context-dependent form of automatic processing.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“The DMN includes medial cortical structures, such as the ventromedial prefrontal cortex and the posterior cingulate cortex, and it is critical to negative self-referential processing such as rumination and worrying known to go awry in depression (35–38).”
Citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
The self-reference effect in memory: A meta-analysis
Symons, C. S., & Johnson, B. T. (1997) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.121.3.371 · Cited by 1,361
Self-focused attention and negative affect: A meta-analysis.
Mor, N., & Winquist, J. (2002) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.128.4.638 · Cited by 1,069
Toward a histology of social behavior: Judgmental accuracy from thin slices of the behavioral stream
Ambady, N., Bernieri, F. J., & Richeson, J. A. (2000) · Advances in experimental social psychology · doi:10.1016/s0065-2601(00)80006-4 · Cited by 735
The Internal Working Models Concept: What do we Really know about the Self in Relation to Others?
Pietromonaco, P. R., & Barrett, L. F. (2000) · Review of General Psychology · doi:10.1037/1089-2680.4.2.155 · Cited by 621
“For example , the extent to which processing differences are controlled versus automatic cannot be determined in most studies because participants are consciously aware of the stimuli and their responses (e.g., Bargh & Tota, 1988; Williams, PIETROMONACO AND FELDMAN BARRETT Mathews, & MacLeod, 1996).”
BackgroundSelective attention improves under stress: implications for theories of social cognition
Chajut, E., & Algom, D. (2003) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.85.2.231 · Cited by 372
“In a series of elegant studies, Bargh and his associates identified several sets of automatically activated information in the social realm (Bargh, 1982; Bargh & Thein, 1985; Bargh & Tota, 1988; Pratto & Oliver, 1991).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Bargh, J. A., & Tota, M. E.
- Affiliations
- New York University (US)
- ORCID
- Bargh, John A.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 1988
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 925-939
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W1978138377
- Cited by
- 229
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 12.67
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Identity, Memory, and Therapy
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health via Writing
- Keywords
- depression, automatic processing, self-referential processing, self-perception, perception of the other, context sensitivity, working memory
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Concept Formation, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Psychological Tests, Reaction Time, Mental Recall, Self Concept, Semantics, Social Perception
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
